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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v1.0 20120330//EN" "JATS-archivearticle1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" article-type="abstract"><?properties open_access?><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Crit Care</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Crit Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Critical Care</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1364-8535</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1466-609X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3363814</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">cc11003</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/cc11003</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Poster Presentation</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Acute respiratory distress syndrome: analysis of incidence and mortality in a university hospital critical care unit</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes" id="A1"><name><surname>Figueira</surname><given-names>JF</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="A2"><name><surname>Oliveros</surname><given-names>MO</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="A3"><name><surname>López</surname><given-names>JL</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="A4"><name><surname>Civantos</surname><given-names>BC</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="A5"><name><surname>Fernández</surname><given-names>LF</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="I1"><label>1</label>Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain</aff><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>3</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>Suppl 1</issue><supplement><named-content content-type="supplement-title">32nd International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine</named-content></supplement><fpage>P396</fpage><lpage>P396</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright ©2012 Figueira et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Figueira et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</copyright-holder><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0</ext-link>), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="http://ccforum.com/content/16/S1/P396"/><conference><conf-date>20-23 March 2012</conf-date><conf-name>32nd International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine</conf-name><conf-loc>Brussels, Belgium</conf-loc></conference></article-meta></front><body><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>The aim was to determine the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients admitted to a university hospital ICU, analyse the ICU and the in-hospital mortality, and evaluate the associated factors.</p></sec><sec sec-type="methods"><title>Methods</title><p>A prospective study in an ICU from October 2008 to January 2011. The ICU comprises 20 beds in a medical-surgical area, 10 in a critical burns area. All patients who underwent mechanical ventilation (MV) during 48 hours or more and who fulfilled ARDS criteria as defined by the 1994 American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS were included. All patients were ventilated following the protective MV strategy recommended.</p></sec><sec sec-type="results"><title>Results</title><p>During this period 1,900 patients were admitted, 697 needed MV for at least 48 hours and 108 fulfilled the ARDS criteria (5.6% of those admitted, 17% of the group on MV); 63% were male. The patients' age was 52 ± 12. The APACHE II score on admission was 23 ± 7, in survivors (S) 20 ± 7 and 24 ± 6 in nonsurvivors (NS) (<italic>P </italic>= 0.002). ARDS was primary in 70% and secondary in 30%. The most common aetiology was pneumonia (53%) followed by sepsis of intra-abdominal origin (15%). Duration of MV was 32.7 ± 30.2 days in S, 20.79 ± 20.73 in NS (<italic>P </italic>= 0.019). Survivors' mean length of stay was 35 ± 24 days, 23 ± 20 for NS (<italic>P </italic>= 0.007). ICU mortality was 49% and in-hospital mortality was 55%. Primary ARDS had an ICU mortality of 47%, an in-hospital mortality of 52%. Secondary ARDS had a 55% ICU mortality, an in-hospital mortality of 64%. Duration of primary ARDS was longer, 15.3 ± 12.2 versus 8.7 ± 79. Globally the main cause of death was multiple organ dysfunction, predominantly respiratory failure (55%). In primary ARDS the main cause of death was chiefly pulmonary (69%), while in secondary ARDS it was mainly multiple organ dysfunction associated with septic shock (71%). Factors associated with increased mortality were APACHE II score >23 and the presence of multiple organ dysfunction.</p></sec><sec sec-type="conclusions"><title>Conclusion</title><p>Certain controversy remains regarding a decrease in ARDS-related mortality. Despite the fact that its incidence is not very high, it is still a clinical entity with a high mortality, and with a prognosis influenced not only by the degree of pulmonary involvement but by the association with multiple organ dysfunction.</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Roca</surname><given-names>O</given-names></name><etal/><article-title>Estudio de cohortes sobre incidencia de SDRA en pacientes ingresados en UCIy factores pronósticos de mortalidad</article-title><source>Med Intensiva</source><year>2006</year><volume>30</volume><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S0210-5691(06)74455-2</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">16637425</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Zambon</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name><name><surname>Vincent</surname><given-names>JL</given-names></name><article-title>Mortality for patients with ALI/ARDS have decreased over time</article-title><source>Chest</source><year>2008</year><volume>133</volume><fpage>151</fpage><lpage>161</lpage></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name><surname>Frutos-Vivar</surname></name><etal/><article-title>Epidemiology of ALI and ARDS</article-title><source>Curr Opin Crit Care</source><year>2004</year><volume>10</volume><fpage>1</fpage><lpage>6</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15166842</pub-id></mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>