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Copy pathsimpread-Hibernate Validator 8.0.0.Final - Jakarta Bean 验证参考实现：参考指南.html
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simpread-Hibernate Validator 8.0.0.Final - Jakarta Bean 验证参考实现：参考指南.html
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<html lang="en" class="simpread-font simpread-theme-root" style='height: 100%;'>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta name="keywords" content="Chrome extension, Chrome 扩展, 阅读模式, 沉浸式阅读, 简悦, 简阅, read mode, reading mode, reader view, firefox, firefox addon, userscript, safari, opera, tampermonkey"/>
<meta name="thumbnail" content="https://simpread-1254315611.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com/static/introduce-2.png"/>
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<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:local" content="zh_CN"/>
<meta property="og:url" content="http://ksria.com/simpread"/>
<meta property="og:image" content="https://simpread-1254315611.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com/static/introduce-2.png"/>
<meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png"/>
<meta property="og:image:width" content="960"/>
<meta property="og:image:height" content="355"/>
<meta property="og:site_name" content="http://ksria.com/simpread"/>
<meta property="og:description" content="简悦 SimpRead - 如杂志般沉浸式阅读体验的扩展"/>
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)}.sr-rd-content-center{text-align:center;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-box-orient:vertical}.sr-rd-content-center-small{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex}.sr-rd-content-center-small 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<title>简悦 | Hibernate Validator 8.0.0.Final - Jakarta Bean 验证参考实现：参考指南</title>
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<sr-rd-title>Hibernate Validator 8.0.0.Final - Jakarta Bean 验证参考实现：参考指南</sr-rd-title>
<sr-rd-desc style="margin: 0;padding-top: 0;padding-bottom: 0;font-style: normal;font-size: 18px;">Hibernate Validator，域模型的基于注释的约束 - 参考文档</sr-rd-desc>
<sr-rd-content><p></p><p><span><span> 在本章中，除了 Jakarta Bean Validation 规范定义的功能之外，您还将学习如何使用 Hibernate Validator 提供的几个功能。</span><span>这包括快速失败模式、用于编程约束配置的 API 和约束的布尔组合。</span></span></p><p></p><p><span></span><code>org.hibernate.validator.Incubating</code><span><span>只要新的 API 或 SPI 处于开发阶段，它们</span><span>就会带有注解。</span><span>这意味着此类元素（例如包、类型、方法、常量等）可能会在后续版本中以不兼容的方式更改或删除。</span><span>鼓励使用孵化 API/SPI 成员（这样开发团队可以获得对这些新功能的反馈），但是在升级到新版本的 Hibernate Validator 时，您应该准备好根据需要更新使用它们的代码。</span></span></p><p></p><div>
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<i title="笔记"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>使用以下部分中描述的功能可能会导致应用程序代码无法在 Jakarta Bean 验证提供程序之间移植。</span></span></p>
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<h3 id="sr-toc-0"><a href="#_public_api"></a><span><span>12.1. </span><span>公共接口</span></span></h3>
<p><span><span>不过，让我们先看看 Hibernate Validator 的公共 API。</span><span>您可以在下面找到属于此 API 的所有包及其用途的列表。</span><span>请注意，当包是公共 API 的一部分时，对于它的子包则不一定如此。</span></span></p>
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<dl>
<dt><code>org.hibernate.validator</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><span><span>Jakarta Bean 验证引导机制使用的类（例如验证提供程序、配置类）；</span><span>有关详细信息，请参阅</span></span><a href="#chapter-bootstrapping"><span><span>第 9 章，</span></span><em><span><span>自举</span></span></em></a><span><span>。</span></span></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>org.hibernate.validator.cfg</code><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">, </font></font><code>org.hibernate.validator.cfg.context</code><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">, </font></font><code>org.hibernate.validator.cfg.defs</code><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">, </font></font><code>org.hibernate.validator.spi.cfg</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><span><span>Hibernate Validator 用于约束声明的流畅 API；</span><span>您将在其中</span></span><code>org.hibernate.validator.cfg</code><span><span>找到</span></span><code>ConstraintMapping</code><span><span>接口、</span></span><code>org.hibernate.validator.cfg.defs</code><span><span>所有约束定义和</span></span><code>org.hibernate.validator.spi.cfg</code><span><span>使用 API 配置默认验证器工厂的回调。</span><span>有关详细信息，</span><span>请参阅</span></span><a href="#section-programmatic-api"><span><span>第 12.4 节，“编程约束定义和声明” 。</span></span></a><span></span></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>org.hibernate.validator.constraints</code><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">, </font></font><code>org.hibernate.validator.constraints.br</code><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">, </font></font><code>org.hibernate.validator.constraints.pl</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><span><span>除了 Jakarta Bean Validation 规范定义的内置约束之外，Hibernate Validator 还提供了一些有用的自定义约束；</span></span><a href="#validator-defineconstraints-hv-constraints"><span><span>这些约束在第 2.3.2 节 “附加约束”</span></span></a><span><span> 中有详细描述</span><span>。</span></span></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>org.hibernate.validator.constraintvalidation</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><span><span>扩展约束验证器上下文，允许为消息插值设置自定义属性。</span></span><a href="#section-hibernateconstraintvalidatorcontext"><span><span>第 12.13.1 节，“ </span></span><code>HibernateConstraintValidatorContext</code><span><span>”</span></span></a><span><span> 描述了如何使用该功能。</span></span></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>org.hibernate.validator.group</code><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">,</font></font><code>org.hibernate.validator.spi.group</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><span><span>组序列提供程序功能，允许您根据已验证的对象状态定义动态默认组序列；</span><span>具体可以在</span></span><a href="#section-default-group-class"><span><span>第 5.4 节 “重新定义默认组序列”</span></span></a><span><span> 中找到。</span></span></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>org.hibernate.validator.messageinterpolation</code><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">, </font></font><code>org.hibernate.validator.resourceloading</code><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">, </font></font><code>org.hibernate.validator.spi.resourceloading</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><span><span>约束消息插值相关的类；</span><span>第一个包包含 Hibernate Validator 的默认消息插值器，</span></span><code>ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator</code><span><span>. </span><span>后两个包提供</span></span><code>ResourceBundleLocator</code><span><span>用于加载资源包的 SPI（请参阅</span></span><a href="#section-resource-bundle-locator"><span><span>第 4.2.1 节 “ </span></span><code>ResourceBundleLocator</code><span><span>”</span></span></a><span><span>）及其默认实现。</span></span></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>org.hibernate.validator.parameternameprovider</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><span><span>一个</span></span><code>ParameterNameProvider</code><span><span>基于 Paramer 库的库，请参阅</span></span><a href="#section-paranamer-parameternameprovider"><span><span>第 12.14 节，“基于 Paramer </span></span><code>ParameterNameProvider</code><span><span>”</span></span></a><span><span>。</span></span></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>org.hibernate.validator.propertypath</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><span><span>API 的扩展</span></span><code>jakarta.validation.Path</code><span><span>，请参阅</span></span><a href="#section-extensions-path-api"><span><span>第 12.7 节，“Path API 的扩展”</span></span></a><span><span>。</span></span></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>org.hibernate.validator.spi.constraintdefinition</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><span><span>用于以编程方式注册其他约束验证器的 SPI，请参阅</span></span><a href="#section-constraint-definition-contribution"><span><span>第 12.15 节，“提供约束定义”</span></span></a><span><span>。</span></span></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>org.hibernate.validator.spi.messageinterpolation</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><span><span>一个 SPI，可用于在插入约束违规消息时调整语言环境的分辨率。</span><span>请参阅</span></span><a href="#section-locale-resolver"><span><span>第 12.12 节，“自定义语言环境分辨率”</span></span></a><span><span>。</span></span></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>org.hibernate.validator.spi.nodenameprovider</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><span><span>一个 SPI，可用于在构造属性路径时更改属性名称的解析方式。</span><span>请参阅</span></span><a href="#section-property-node-name-provider"><span><span>第 12.18 节，“自定义约束违规的属性名称解析”</span></span></a><span><span>。</span></span></p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="笔记"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>Hibernate Validator 的公共包分为两类：虽然实际的 API 部分旨在被客户端</span></span><em><span><span>调用</span></span></em><span><span>或</span></span><em><span><span>使用</span></span></em><span><span>（例如用于编程约束声明或自定义约束的 API），但 SPI（服务提供者接口）包包含的接口旨在</span><span>由客户（例如）</span></span><em><span><span>实施</span></span></em><span></span><code>ResourceBundleLocator</code><span><span>。</span></span></p>
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</tr>
</tbody></table>
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<p><span><span>该表中未列出的任何包都是 Hibernate Validator 的内部包，不打算由客户端访问。</span><span>这些内部包的内容可能会随着版本的不同而发生变化，恕不另行通知，因此可能会破坏依赖它的任何客户端代码。</span></span></p>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-1"><a href="#section-fail-fast"></a><span><span>12.2. </span><span>快速失败模式</span></span></h3>
<p><span><span>使用快速失败模式，Hibernate Validator 允许在第一次违反约束时立即从当前验证中返回。</span><span>这对于验证大型对象图很有用，您只对快速检查是否存在任何约束违规感兴趣。</span></span></p>
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<p><span><span>例 12.1：使用快速失败验证模式</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
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<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">包 org.hibernate.validator.referenceguide.chapter12.failfast；</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
公共汽车类 {</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@NotNull</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
私人字符串制造商；</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@AssertTrue</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
私人布尔值已注册；</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
公共汽车（字符串制造商，布尔值已注册）{</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
this.manufacturer = 制造商；</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
this.isRegistered = isRegistered;</font></font><font></font>
}<font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
//吸气剂和吸气剂...</font></font><font></font>
}<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">验证器 validator = Validation.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
。配置（）</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.failFast( 真 )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.buildValidatorFactory()</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.getValidator();</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
Car car = new Car( null, false );</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
设置<ConstraintViolation<Car>> constraintViolations = validator.validate( car );</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
assertEquals( 1, constraintViolations.size() );</font></font><font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>这里经过验证的对象实际上无法满足在类上声明的两个约束</span></span><code>Car</code><span><span>，但验证调用只产生一个，</span></span><code>ConstraintViolation</code><span><span>因为启用了快速失败模式。</span></span></p>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="笔记"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>无法保证约束的评估顺序，即返回的违规是源于约束还是源于</span></span><code>@NotNull</code><span><span>约束是不确定的</span></span><code>@AssertTrue</code><span><span>。</span><span>如果需要，可以使用组序列强制执行确定性评估顺序，如
</span></span><a href="#section-defining-group-sequences"><span><span>第 5.3 节 “定义组序列”</span></span></a><span><span> 中所述。</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-2"><a href="#section-method-validation-prerequisite-relaxation"></a><span><span>12.3. </span><span>放宽类层次结构中方法验证的要求</span></span></h3>
<p><span><span>Jakarta Bean Validation 规范定义了一组先决条件，这些先决条件在定义类层次结构中的方法约束时适用。</span><span>
这些先决条件在 Jakarta Bean Validation 规范的</span></span><a href="https://jakarta.ee/specifications/bean-validation/3.0/jakarta-bean-validation-spec-3.0.html#constraintdeclarationvalidationprocess-methodlevelconstraints-inheritance"><span><span>第 5.6.5 节</span></span></a><span><span>中定义
。</span><span>另请参阅</span><span>
本指南中的</span></span><a href="#section-method-constraints-inheritance-hierarchies"><span><span>第 3.1.4 节 “继承层次结构中的方法约束” 。</span></span></a><span></span></p>
<p><span><span>根据规范，Jakarta Bean Validation 提供者可以放宽这些先决条件。</span><span>使用 Hibernate Validator，您可以通过以下两种方式之一完成此操作。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>首先，您可以在</span><em><span> validation.xml</span></em><span> 中使用配置属性</span></span><em><span><span> hibernate.validator.allow_parameter_constraint_override</span></span></em><span><span>、
</span></span><em><span><span>hibernate.validator.allow_multiple_cascaded_validation_on_result</span></span></em><span><span> 和
</span></span><em><span><span>hibernate.validator.allow_parallel_method_parameter_constraint</span></span></em><span><span>。</span><span>请参阅示例
</span><a href="#example-relaxing-method-validation-xml"><span>Example 12.2，“通过属性在类层次结构中配置方法验证行为”</span></a><span>。</span></span><em><span></span></em><span></span><a href="#example-relaxing-method-validation-xml"><span></span></a><span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.2：通过属性在类层次结构中配置方法验证行为</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?></font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
<验证配置</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/validation/configuration"</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/validation/configuration https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/validation/validation-configuration-3.0.xsd"</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
版本=“3.0”></font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
<default-provider>org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator</default-provider></font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
<property name="hibernate.validator.allow_parameter_constraint_override">真</property></font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
<property name="hibernate.validator.allow_multiple_cascaded_validation_on_result">真</property></font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
<property name="hibernate.validator.allow_parallel_method_parameter_constraint">真</property></font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
</验证配置></font></font><font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>或者，可以在编程引导期间应用这些设置。</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.3：在类层次结构中配置方法验证行为</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">HibernateValidatorConfiguration configuration = Validation.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class ).configure();</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
configuration.allowMultipleCascadedValidationOnReturnValues（真）</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.allowOverridingMethodAlterParameterConstraint( 真 )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.allowParallelMethodsDefineParameterConstraints( true );</font></font><font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>默认情况下，所有这些属性都是 false，实现 Jakarta Bean Validation 规范中定义的默认行为。</span></span></p>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="警告"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>更改方法验证的默认行为将导致不符合规范且不可移植的应用程序。</span><span>确保了解您在做什么，并且您的用例确实需要更改默认行为。</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-3"><a href="#section-programmatic-api"></a><span><span>12.4。</span><span>编程约束定义和声明</span></span></h3>
<p><span><span>根据 Jakarta Bean Validation 规范，您可以使用 Java 注释和基于 XML 的约束映射来定义和声明约束。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>此外，Hibernate Validator 提供了一个流畅的 API，允许以编程方式配置约束。</span><span>用例包括在运行时动态添加约束，具体取决于某些应用程序状态或测试，其中您需要在不同场景中具有不同约束的实体，但不想为每个测试用例实现实际的 Java 类。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>默认情况下，通过 Fluent API 添加的约束会添加到通过标准配置功能配置的约束中。</span><span>但也可以在需要时忽略注释和 XML 配置约束。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>API 以</span></span><code>ConstraintMapping</code><span><span>接口为中心。</span><span>您将获得一个新的映射
</span></span><code>HibernateValidatorConfiguration#createConstraintMapping()</code><span><span>，然后您可以通过它以流畅的方式进行配置，如</span></span><a href="#example-constraint-mapping"><span><span>例 12.4 “编程约束声明”</span></span></a><span><span> 中所示。</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>例 12.4：编程约束声明</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre>HibernateValidatorConfiguration configuration = Validation<font></font>
.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class )<font></font>
.configure();<font></font>
<font></font>
ConstraintMapping constraintMapping = configuration.createConstraintMapping();<font></font>
<font></font>
constraintMapping<font></font>
.type( Car.class )<font></font>
.field( "manufacturer" )<font></font>
.constraint( new NotNullDef() )<font></font>
.field( "licensePlate" )<font></font>
.ignoreAnnotations( true )<font></font>
.constraint( new NotNullDef() )<font></font>
.constraint( new SizeDef().min( 2 ).max( 14 ) )<font></font>
.type( RentalCar.class )<font></font>
.getter( "rentalStation" )<font></font>
.constraint( new NotNullDef() );<font></font>
<font></font>
Validator validator = configuration.addMapping( constraintMapping )<font></font>
.buildValidatorFactory()<font></font>
.getValidator();<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>可以使用方法链在多个类和属性上配置约束。</span><span>约束定义类</span></span><code>NotNullDef</code><span><span>和</span></span><code>SizeDef</code><span><span>辅助类允许以类型安全的方式配置约束参数。</span><span>包中的所有内置约束都存在定义类</span></span><code>org.hibernate.validator.cfg.defs</code><span><span>。</span><span>通过调用</span></span><code>ignoreAnnotations()</code><span><span>给定元素忽略通过注释或 XML 配置的任何约束。</span></span></p>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="笔记"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>每个元素（类型、属性、方法等）只能在用于设置一个验证器工厂的所有约束映射中配置一次。</span><span>否则 a</span></span><code>ValidationException</code><span><span>被提高。</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="笔记"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>不支持通过配置子类型为非重写的超类型属性和方法添加约束。</span><span>在这种情况下，您需要配置超类型。</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><span><span>配置映射后，您必须将其添加回配置对象，然后您可以从中获取验证器工厂。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>对于自定义约束，您可以创建自己的扩展定义类，也</span><span>可以像</span><a href="#example-generic-constraint-mapping"><span>示例 12.5 “自定义约束的编程声明”</span></a></span><code>ConstraintDef</code><span><span>中所示使用</span><span>。</span></span><code>GenericConstraintDef</code><span></span><a href="#example-generic-constraint-mapping"><span></span></a><span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.5：自定义约束的编程声明</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre>ConstraintMapping constraintMapping = configuration.createConstraintMapping();<font></font>
<font></font>
constraintMapping<font></font>
.type( Car.class )<font></font>
.field( "licensePlate" )<font></font>
.constraint( new GenericConstraintDef<>( CheckCase.class )<font></font>
.param( "value", CaseMode.UPPER )<font></font>
);<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>容器元素约束由编程 API 支持，使用</span></span><code>containerElementType()</code><span><span>.</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.6：嵌套容器元素约束的编程声明</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre>ConstraintMapping constraintMapping = configuration.createConstraintMapping();<font></font>
<font></font>
constraintMapping<font></font>
.type( Car.class )<font></font>
.field( "manufacturer" )<font></font>
.constraint( new NotNullDef() )<font></font>
.field( "licensePlate" )<font></font>
.ignoreAnnotations( true )<font></font>
.constraint( new NotNullDef() )<font></font>
.constraint( new SizeDef().min( 2 ).max( 14 ) )<font></font>
.field( "partManufacturers" )<font></font>
.containerElementType( 0 )<font></font>
.constraint( new NotNullDef() )<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.containerElementType( 1, 0 )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constraint( new NotNullDef() )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.type(RentalCar.class)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.getter( "出租站" )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constraint( new NotNullDef() );</font></font><font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>如所示，传递给的参数</span></span><code>containerElementType()</code><span><span>是用于获取所需嵌套容器元素类型的类型参数索引的路径。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>通过调用，</span></span><code>valid()</code><span><span>您可以将成员标记为级联验证，这相当于用</span></span><code>@Valid</code><span><span>. </span></span><code>convertGroup()</code><span><span>使用方法（相当于）</span><span>配置要在级联验证期间应用的任何组转换
</span></span><code>@ConvertGroup</code><span><span>。</span></span><a href="#example-cascading-constraints"><span><span>可以在例 12.7 “为级联验证标记属性”</span></span></a><span><span> 中看到一个例子
</span><span>。</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.7：将属性标记为级联验证</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">ConstraintMapping constraintMapping = configuration.createConstraintMapping();</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
约束映射</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.type( 汽车类 )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.field(“司机”)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constraint( new NotNullDef() )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
。有效的（）</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.convertGroup(Default.class).to(PersonDefault.class)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.field( "partManufacturers" )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.containerElementType(0)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
。有效的（）</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.containerElementType( 1, 0 )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
。有效的（）</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.type( 人.类 )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.field("姓名")</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constraint( new NotNullDef().groups( PersonDefault.class ) );</font></font><font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>您不仅可以使用流畅的 API 配置 bean 约束，还可以配置方法和构造函数约束。</span><span>如示例 12.8 所示</span></span><a href="#example-method-constraint-mapping"><span><span>，“方法和构造函数约束的编程声明”</span></span></a><span><span> 构造函数由它们的参数类型和方法由它们的名称和参数类型标识。</span><span>选择方法或构造函数后，您可以标记其参数和 / 或返回值以进行级联验证并添加约束以及交叉参数约束。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>如示例所示，</span></span><code>valid()</code><span><span>也可以在容器元素类型上调用。</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.8：方法和构造函数约束的编程声明</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">ConstraintMapping constraintMapping = configuration.createConstraintMapping();</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
约束映射</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.type( 汽车类 )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constructor( 字符串类 )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.参数（0）</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constraint( new SizeDef().min( 3 ).max( 50 ) )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.returnValue()</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
。有效的（）</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.method(“驱动器”, int.class )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.参数（0）</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constraint( new MaxDef().value( 75 ) )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.method("加载", List.class, List.class )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.crossParameter()</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constraint( 新的 GenericConstraintDef<>(</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
LuggageCountMatchesPassengerCount.class ).param(</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
"piecesOfLuggagePerPassenger", 2</font></font><font></font>
)<font></font>
)<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.method(“getDriver”)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.returnValue()</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constraint( new NotNullDef() )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
。有效的（）;</font></font><font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>最后但同样重要的是，您可以配置默认组序列或某种类型的默认组序列提供程序，如以下示例所示。</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.9：默认组序列和默认组序列提供程序的配置</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">ConstraintMapping constraintMapping = configuration.createConstraintMapping();</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
约束映射</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.type( 汽车类 )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.defaultGroupSequence( Car.class, CarChecks.class )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.type(RentalCar.class)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.defaultGroupSequenceProviderClass(RentalCarGroupSequenceProvider.class);</font></font><font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-4"><a href="#section-programmatic-api-contributor"></a><span><span>12.5。</span><span>将编程约束声明应用于默认验证器工厂</span></span></h3>
<p><span><span>如果您不是手动引导验证器工厂，而是使用通过</span></span><em><span><span> META-INF/validation.xml</span></span></em><span><span> 配置的默认工厂
（请参阅</span></span><a href="#chapter-xml-configuration"><span><span>第 8 章，</span></span><em><span><span>通过 XML 配置</span></span></em></a><span><span>），您可以通过创建一个或多个约束映射来添加一个或多个约束映射贡献者。</span><span>为此，请执行</span></span><code>ConstraintMappingContributor</code><span><span>合同：</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.10：自定义</span></span><code>ConstraintMappingContributor</code><span><span>实现</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">包 org.hibernate.validator.referenceguide.chapter12.constraintapi；</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
公共类 MyConstraintMappingContributor 实现 ConstraintMappingContributor {</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@覆盖</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
public void createConstraintMappings(ConstraintMappingBuilder builder) {</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
builder.addConstraintMapping()</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.type(马拉松.class)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.getter(“姓名”)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constraint( new NotNullDef() )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.field( "numberOfHelpers" )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constraint( new MinDef().value( 1 ) );</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
builder.addConstraintMapping()</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.type( 亚军.class )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.field("付费报名费")</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.constraint( new AssertTrueDef() );</font></font><font></font>
}<font></font>
}<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>然后，您需要使用属性 key 在</span></span><em><span><span> META-INF/validation.xml</span></span></em><span><span> 中指定贡献者实现的完全限定类名</span></span><code>hibernate.validator.constraint_mapping_contributors</code><span><span>。</span><span>您可以通过用逗号分隔来指定多个贡献者。</span></span></p>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-5"><a href="#section-advanced-constraint-composition"></a><span><span>12.6. </span><span>高级约束组合功能</span></span></h3>
<div>
<h4 id="sr-toc-6"><a href="#_validation_target_specification_for_purely_composed_constraints"></a><span><span>12.6.1。</span><span>纯组合约束的验证目标规范</span></span></h4>
<p><span><span>如果您在方法声明上指定了一个纯组合约束——即一个本身没有验证器但完全由其他组合约束组成的约束——验证引擎无法确定该约束是否要作为返回值约束应用或者作为交叉参数约束。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>Hibernate Validator 允许通过</span></span><code>@SupportedValidationTarget</code><span><span>在组合约束类型的声明上指定注释来解决此类歧义，如</span></span><a href="#example-purely-composed-constraint-validation-target"><span><span>例 12.11 “指定纯组合约束的验证目标”</span></span></a><span><span> 所示。</span><span>The</span></span><code>@ValidInvoiceAmount</code><span><span>没有声明任何验证器，但它仅由 the</span></span><code>@Min</code><span><span>和</span></span><code>@NotNull</code><span><span>
constraints 组成。</span><span>确保</span></span><code>@SupportedValidationTarget</code><span><span>在方法声明中给出约束时将约束应用于方法返回值。</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.11：指定纯组合约束的验证目标</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">包 org.hibernate.validator.referenceguide.chapter12.purelycomposed；</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@Min(值= 0)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@NotNull</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@Target({ 方法、字段、注释类型、构造函数、参数})</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@保留（运行时）</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@Documented</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@Constraint(validatedBy = {})</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@SupportedValidationTarget(ValidationTarget.ANNOTATED_ELEMENT)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@ReportAsSingleViolation</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
公共@interface ValidInvoiceAmount {</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
String message() default "{org.hibernate.validator.referenceguide.chapter11.purelycomposed."</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+ "ValidInvoiceAmount.message}";</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
类<?>[]组（）默认{}；</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
类<? </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">扩展有效载荷>[]有效载荷（）默认{}；</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@OverridesAttribute(constraint = Min.class, name = "value")</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
长值（）；</font></font><font></font>
}<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<h4 id="sr-toc-7"><a href="#section-boolean-constraint-composition"></a><span><span>12.6.2。</span><span>约束的布尔组合</span></span></h4>
<p><span><span>Jakarta Bean Validation 指定组合约束的约束（请参阅
</span></span><a href="#section-constraint-composition"><span><span>第 6.4 节，“约束组合” ）全部通过逻辑</span></span></a><span></span><em><span><span> AND</span></span></em><span><span> 组合</span><span>。</span><span>这意味着所有组合约束都需要返回 true 才能获得整体成功验证。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>Hibernate Validator 对此提供了扩展，并允许您通过逻辑
</span></span><em><span><span>OR</span></span></em><span><span> 或</span></span><em><span><span> NOT</span></span></em><span><span> 组合约束。</span><span>为此，您必须使用 ConstraintComposition 注释和枚举 CompositionType 及其值</span></span><em><span><span> AND</span></span></em><span><span>、</span></span><em><span><span>OR</span></span></em><span><span> 和</span></span><em><span><span> ALL_FALSE</span></span></em><span><span>。</span></span></p>
<p><a href="#example-boolean-constraint-composition"><span><span>示例 12.12，“约束的 OR 组合”</span></span></a><span><span> 展示了如何构建一个组合约束</span></span><code>@PatternOrSize</code><span><span>
，其中只有一个组合约束需要有效才能通过验证。</span><span>经过验证的字符串要么全部小写，要么长度介于两到三个字符之间。</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.12：约束的 OR 组合</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">包 org.hibernate.validator.referenceguide.chapter12.booleancomposition；</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@ConstraintComposition(或)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@Pattern(regexp = "[az]")</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@Size(最小值 = 2, 最大值 = 3)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@ReportAsSingleViolation</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@Target({ 方法，字段 })</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@保留（运行时）</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@Constraint(validatedBy = { })</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
公共@interface PatternOrSize {</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
String message() 默认“{org.hibernate.validator.referenceguide.chapter11.” </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">+</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
"booleancomposition.PatternOrSize.message}";</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
类<?>[]组（）默认{}；</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
类<? </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">扩展有效载荷>[]有效载荷（）默认{}；</font></font><font></font>
}<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="提示"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>使用</span></span><em><span><span> ALL_FALSE</span></span></em><span><span> 作为组合类型隐式强制在约束组合验证失败的情况下仅报告一次违规。</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-8"><a href="#section-extensions-path-api"></a><span><span>12.7。</span><span>路径 API 的扩展</span></span></h3>
<p><span><span>Hibernate Validator 提供了对 API 的扩展</span></span><code>jakarta.validation.Path</code><span><span>。</span></span><code>ElementKind.PROPERTY</code><span><span>对于和</span><span>的节点</span></span><code>ElementKind.CONTAINER_ELEMENT</code><span><span>，它允许获取表示的属性的值。</span><span>为此，请将给定节点缩小到类型</span></span><code>org.hibernate.validator.path.PropertyNode</code><span><span>或
</span></span><code>org.hibernate.validator.path.ContainerElementNode</code><span><span>分别使用</span></span><code>Node#as()</code><span><span>，如以下示例所示：</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.13：从属性节点获取值</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">建筑建筑=新建筑（）；</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
// 假设人名违反了@Size 约束</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
人 bob = new Person( "Bob" );</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
公寓 bobsApartment = 新公寓( bob );</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
building.getApartments().add(bobsApartment);</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
设置<ConstraintViolation<Building>> constraintViolations = validator.validate(building);</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
Path path = constraintViolations.iterator().next().getPropertyPath();</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
Iterator<Path.Node> nodeIterator = path.iterator();</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
Path.Node node = nodeIterator.next();</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
assertEquals( node.getName(), "公寓" );</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
assertSame( node.as( PropertyNode.class ).getValue(), bobsApartment );</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
node = nodeIterator.next();</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
assertEquals( node.getName(), "resident" );</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
assertSame( node.as( PropertyNode.class ).getValue(), bob );</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
node = nodeIterator.next();</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
assertEquals( node.getName(), "name" );</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
assertEquals( node.as( PropertyNode.class ).getValue(), "Bob" );</font></font><font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span></span><code>Set</code><span><span>这对于获取属性路径上的属性</span><span>元素（例如</span></span><code>apartments</code><span><span>
在示例中）也非常有用，否则无法识别（与</span></span><code>Map</code><span><span>and 不同</span></span><code>List</code><span><span>，在这种情况下没有键或索引）。</span></span></p>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-9"><a href="#section-dynamic-payload"></a><span><span>12.8。</span><span>动态负载作为一部分</span></span><code>ConstraintViolation</code></h3>
<p><span><span>在某些情况下，如果约束违反提供了额外的数据——所谓的动态有效载荷，则可以帮助自动处理违反。</span><span>例如，此动态负载可能包含提示用户如何解决违规问题。</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.14：</span></span><code>ConstraintValidator</code><span><span>设置动态负载的实现</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre>package org.hibernate.validator.referenceguide.chapter12.dynamicpayload;<font></font>
<font></font>
import static org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.CollectionHelper.newHashMap;<font></font>
<font></font>
public class ValidPassengerCountValidator implements ConstraintValidator<ValidPassengerCount, Car> {<font></font>
<font></font>
private static final Map<Integer, String> suggestedCars = newHashMap();<font></font>
<font></font>
static {<font></font>
suggestedCars.put( 2, "Chevrolet Corvette" );<font></font>
suggestedCars.put( 3, "Toyota Volta" );<font></font>
suggestedCars.put( 4, "Maserati GranCabrio" );<font></font>
suggestedCars.put( 5, " Mercedes-Benz E-Class" );<font></font>
}<font></font>
<font></font>
@Override<font></font>
public void initialize(ValidPassengerCount constraintAnnotation) {<font></font>
}<font></font>
<font></font>
@Override<font></font>
public boolean isValid(Car car, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {<font></font>
if ( car == null ) {<font></font>
return true;<font></font>
}<font></font>
<font></font>
int passengerCount = car.getPassengers().size();<font></font>
if ( car.getSeatCount() >= passengerCount ) {<font></font>
return true;<font></font>
}<font></font>
else {<font></font>
<font></font>
if ( suggestedCars.containsKey( passengerCount ) ) {<font></font>
HibernateConstraintValidatorContext hibernateContext = context.unwrap(<font></font>
HibernateConstraintValidatorContext.class<font></font>
);<font></font>
hibernateContext.withDynamicPayload( suggestedCars.get( passengerCount ) );<font></font>
}<font></font>
return false;<font></font>
}<font></font>
}<font></font>
}<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>在约束违反处理方面，</span></span><code>jakarta.validation.ConstraintViolation</code><span><span>然后可以依次解包 a</span></span><code>HibernateConstraintViolation</code><span><span>以检索动态有效负载以进行进一步处理。</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.15：检索 a</span></span><code>ConstraintViolation</code><span><span>的动态负载</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre>Car car = new Car( 2 );<font></font>
car.addPassenger( new Person() );<font></font>
car.addPassenger( new Person() );<font></font>
car.addPassenger( new Person() );<font></font>
Set<ConstraintViolation<Car>> constraintViolations = validator.validate( car );<font></font>
<font></font>
assertEquals( 1, constraintViolations.size() );<font></font>
<font></font>
ConstraintViolation<Car> constraintViolation = constraintViolations.iterator().next();<font></font>
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")<font></font>
HibernateConstraintViolation<Car> hibernateConstraintViolation = constraintViolation.unwrap(<font></font>
HibernateConstraintViolation.class<font></font>
);<font></font>
String suggestedCar = hibernateConstraintViolation.getDynamicPayload( String.class );<font></font>
assertEquals( "Toyota Volta", suggestedCar );<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-10"><a href="#el-features"></a><span><span>12.9。</span><span>启用表达式语言功能</span></span></h3>
<p><span><span>Hibernate Validator 限制默认公开的表达式语言功能。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>为此，我们在 中定义了几个特征级别</span></span><code>ExpressionLanguageFeatureLevel</code><span><span>：</span></span></p>
<div>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>NONE</code><span><span>：完全禁用表达式语言插值。</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>VARIABLES</code><span><span>：允许插值通过注入的变量</span></span><code>addExpressionVariable()</code><span><span>，资源包和对象的使用</span></span><code>formatter</code><span><span>。</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>BEAN_PROPERTIES</code><span><span>：允许一切</span></span><code>VARIABLES</code><span><span>允许加上 bean 属性的插值。</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>BEAN_METHODS</code><span><span>: 还允许执行 bean 方法。</span><span>如果处理不当，这可能会导致严重的安全问题，包括任意代码执行。</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><span><span>根据上下文，我们公开的功能是不同的：</span></span></p>
<div>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span><span>对于约束，默认级别为</span></span><code>BEAN_PROPERTIES</code><span><span>. </span><span>要正确插入所有内置约束消息，您至少需要级别</span></span><code>VARIABLES</code><span><span>。</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span><span>对于通过 创建的自定义违规，</span></span><code>ConstraintValidatorContext</code><span><span>表达式语言默认处于禁用状态。</span><span>您可以为特定的自定义违规启用它，启用后，它将默认为</span></span><code>VARIABLES</code><span><span>.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><span><span>Hibernate Validator 提供了在引导</span></span><code>ValidatorFactory</code><span><span>.</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>要更改约束的表达式语言功能级别，请使用以下命令：</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>ValidatorFactory validatorFactory = Validation.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class )<font></font>
.configure()<font></font>
.constraintExpressionLanguageFeatureLevel( ExpressionLanguageFeatureLevel.VARIABLES )<font></font>
.buildValidatorFactory();<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>要更改自定义违规的表达式语言功能级别，请使用以下命令：</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>ValidatorFactory validatorFactory = Validation.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class )<font></font>
.configure()<font></font>
.customViolationExpressionLanguageFeatureLevel( ExpressionLanguageFeatureLevel.VARIABLES )<font></font>
.buildValidatorFactory();<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="警告"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>这样做会自动为应用程序中的所有自定义违规启用表达式语言。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>它应该只用于兼容性和简化从旧的 Hibernate Validator 版本的迁移。</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><span><span>这些级别也可以使用以下属性定义：</span></span></p>
<div>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>hibernate.validator.constraint_expression_language_feature_level</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>hibernate.validator.custom_violation_expression_language_feature_level</code></p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><span><span>这些属性的可接受</span><span>值为：</span></span><code>none</code><span><span>、</span></span><code>variables</code><span><span>和</span><span>。</span></span><code>bean-properties</code><span></span><code>bean-methods</code><span></span></p>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-11"><a href="#non-el-message-interpolator"></a>12.10. <code>ParameterMessageInterpolator</code></h3>
<p><span><span>Hibernate Validator 默认要求统一 EL 的实现（请参阅
</span></span><a href="#validator-gettingstarted-uel"><span><span>第 1.1.1 节，“统一 EL”</span></span></a><span><span>）可用。</span><span>这是允许使用 Jakarta Bean 验证规范定义的 EL 表达式插入约束错误消息所必需的。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>对于您不能或不想提供 EL 实现的环境，Hibernate Validator 提供了一个非基于 EL 的消息插值器 - </span></span><code>org.hibernate.validator.messageinterpolation.ParameterMessageInterpolator</code><span><span>。</span></span></p>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="警告"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>包含 EL 表达式的约束消息将由 未插值返回
</span></span><code>org.hibernate.validator.messageinterpolation.ParameterMessageInterpolator</code><span><span>。</span><span>这也会影响使用 EL 表达式的内置默认约束消息。</span><span>目前，</span></span><code>DecimalMin</code><span><span>并</span></span><code>DecimalMax</code><span><span>受到影响。</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-12"><a href="#_resourcebundlelocator"></a><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">12.11.</font></font><code>ResourceBundleLocator</code></h3>
<p><span><span>通过</span></span><code>ResourceBundleLocator</code><span><span>，Hibernate Validator 提供了一个额外的 SPI，它允许从</span></span><em><span><span> ValidationMessages</span></span></em><span><span> 之外的其他资源包中检索错误消息，同时仍然使用规范定义的实际插值算法。</span><span>请参阅
</span></span><a href="#section-resource-bundle-locator"><span><span>第 4.2.1 节 “ </span></span><code>ResourceBundleLocator</code><span><span>”</span></span></a><span><span> 以了解如何使用该 SPI。</span></span></p>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-13"><a href="#section-locale-resolver"></a><span><span>12.12。</span><span>自定义语言环境分辨率</span></span></h3>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="警告"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>这些合同被标记为</span></span><code>@Incubating</code><span><span>将来可能会发生变化。</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><span><span>Hibernate Validator 提供了几个扩展点来构建自定义区域设置解析策略。</span><span>在插入约束违规消息时使用已解析的语言环境。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>Hibernate Validator 的默认行为是始终使用系统默认语言环境（通过 获得</span></span><code>Locale.getDefault()</code><span><span>）。</span><span>这可能不是期望的行为，例如，如果您通常将系统区域设置为</span></span><code>en-US</code><span><span>但希望您的应用程序以法语提供消息。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>以下示例显示如何将 Hibernate Validator 默认语言环境设置为</span></span><code>fr-FR</code><span><span>：</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>例 12.16：配置默认语言环境</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">验证器 validator = Validation.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
。配置（）</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.defaultLocale( Locale.FRANCE )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.buildValidatorFactory()</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.getValidator();</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
Set<ConstraintViolation<Bean>> violations = validator.validate( new Bean() );</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
assertEquals( "必须为真", violations.iterator().next().getMessage() );</font></font><font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><span><span>虽然这已经是一个不错的改进，但在完全国际化的应用程序中，这还不够：您需要 Hibernate Validator 根据用户上下文选择语言环境。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>Hibernate Validator 提供了</span></span><code>org.hibernate.validator.spi.messageinterpolation.LocaleResolver</code><span><span>允许微调语言环境分辨率的 SPI。</span><span>通常，在 JAX-RS 环境中，您可以从</span></span><code>Accept-Language</code><span><span>HTTP 标头解析要使用的语言环境。</span></span></p>
<p><span><span>在下面的示例中，我们使用硬编码值，但是，例如，在 RESTEasy 应用程序的情况下，您可以从</span></span><code>ResteasyContext</code><span><span>.</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 12.17：微调用于通过</span></span><code>LocaleResolver</code></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">LocaleResolver localeResolver = new LocaleResolver() {</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
@覆盖</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
公共区域设置解析（LocaleResolverContext 上下文）{</font></font><font></font>
// get the locales supported by the client from the Accept-Language header<font></font>
String acceptLanguageHeader = "it-IT;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.7";<font></font>
<font></font>
List<LanguageRange> acceptedLanguages = LanguageRange.parse( acceptLanguageHeader );<font></font>
List<Locale> resolvedLocales = Locale.filter( acceptedLanguages, context.getSupportedLocales() );<font></font>
<font></font>
if ( resolvedLocales.size() > 0 ) {<font></font>
return resolvedLocales.get( 0 );<font></font>
}<font></font>
<font></font>
return context.getDefaultLocale();<font></font>
}<font></font>
};<font></font>
<font></font>
Validator validator = Validation.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class )<font></font>
.configure()<font></font>
.defaultLocale( Locale.FRANCE )<font></font>
.locales( Locale.FRANCE, Locale.ITALY, Locale.US )<font></font>
.localeResolver( localeResolver )<font></font>
.buildValidatorFactory()<font></font>
.getValidator();<font></font>
<font></font>
Set<ConstraintViolation<Bean>> violations = validator.validate( new Bean() );<font></font>
assertEquals( "deve essere true", violations.iterator().next().getMessage() );<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="笔记"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>使用 时</span></span><code>LocaleResolver</code><span><span>，您必须通过 方法定义支持的语言环境列表</span></span><code>locales()</code><span><span>。</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div><p></p><div>
<h3 id="sr-toc-14"><a href="#_custom_contexts"></a><span><span>12.13。</span><span>自定义上下文</span></span></h3>
<p><span><span>Jakarta Bean Validation 规范在其 API 中的多个点提供了将给定接口解包为实现者特定子类型的可能性。</span></span><code>ConstraintValidator</code><span><span>在实现中创建约束违规以及实例中的消息插值</span><span>的情况下
，</span><span>分别</span></span><code>MessageInterpolator</code><span><span>
存在</span></span><code>unwrap()</code><span><span>用于提供的上下文实例的方法
</span><span>。</span><span>Hibernate Validator 为这两个接口提供自定义扩展。</span></span><code>ConstraintValidatorContext</code><span></span><code>MessageInterpolatorContext</code><span></span></p>
<div>
<h4 id="sr-toc-15"><a href="#section-hibernateconstraintvalidatorcontext"></a>12.13.1. <code>HibernateConstraintValidatorContext</code></h4>
<p><code>HibernateConstraintValidatorContext</code><span><span>是它的一个子类型</span></span><code>ConstraintValidatorContext</code><span><span>，它允许您：</span></span></p>
<div>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span><span>为特定的自定义违规启用表达式语言插值 - 见下文</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span></span><code>HibernateConstraintValidatorContext#addExpressionVariable(String, Object)</code><span><span>
使用或</span><span>通过表达式语言消息插值工具为插值设置任意参数</span></span><code>HibernateConstraintValidatorContext#addMessageParameter(String, Object)</code><span><span>。</span></span></p>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 155. 自定义</span></span><code>@Future</code><span><span>验证器注入表达式变量</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre>package org.hibernate.validator.referenceguide.chapter12.context;<font></font>
<font></font>
public class MyFutureValidator implements ConstraintValidator<Future, Instant> {<font></font>
<font></font>
@Override<font></font>
public void initialize(Future constraintAnnotation) {<font></font>
}<font></font>
<font></font>
@Override<font></font>
public boolean isValid(Instant value, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {<font></font>
if ( value == null ) {<font></font>
return true;<font></font>
}<font></font>
<font></font>
HibernateConstraintValidatorContext hibernateContext = context.unwrap(<font></font>
HibernateConstraintValidatorContext.class<font></font>
);<font></font>
<font></font>
Instant now = Instant.now( context.getClockProvider().getClock() );<font></font>
<font></font>
if ( !value.isAfter( now ) ) {<font></font>
hibernateContext.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();<font></font>
hibernateContext<font></font>
.addExpressionVariable( "now", now )<font></font>
.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate( "Must be after ${now}" )<font></font>
.addConstraintViolation();<font></font>
<font></font>
return false;<font></font>
}<font></font>
<font></font>
return true;<font></font>
}<font></font>
}<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p><span><span>示例 156. 自定义</span></span><code>@Future</code><span><span>验证器注入消息参数</span></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre>package org.hibernate.validator.referenceguide.chapter12.context;<font></font>
<font></font>
public class MyFutureValidatorMessageParameter implements ConstraintValidator<Future, Instant> {<font></font>
<font></font>
@Override<font></font>
public void initialize(Future constraintAnnotation) {<font></font>
}<font></font>
<font></font>
@Override<font></font>
public boolean isValid(Instant value, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {<font></font>
if ( value == null ) {<font></font>
return true;<font></font>
}<font></font>
<font></font>
HibernateConstraintValidatorContext hibernateContext = context.unwrap(<font></font>
HibernateConstraintValidatorContext.class<font></font>
);<font></font>
<font></font>
Instant now = Instant.now( context.getClockProvider().getClock() );<font></font>
<font></font>
if ( !value.isAfter( now ) ) {<font></font>
hibernateContext.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();<font></font>
hibernateContext<font></font>
.addMessageParameter( "now", now )<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate( "必须在 {now} 之后" )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
.addConstraintViolation();</font></font><font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
返回假；</font></font><font></font>
}<font></font>
<font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
返回真；</font></font><font></font>
}<font></font>
}<font></font>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="笔记"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span><span>除了语法之外，消息参数和表达式变量之间的主要区别在于消息参数只是简单的内插，而表达式变量是使用表达式语言引擎解释的。</span><span>实际上，如果您不需要表达式语言的高级功能，请使用消息参数。</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div>
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<i title="笔记"></i>
</td>
<td>
<p><span></span><code>addExpressionVariable(String, Object)</code><span><span>请注意，通过和
</span><span>指定的参数</span></span><code>addMessageParameter(String, Object)</code><span><span>是全局的，适用于此调用创建的所有约束违规</span></span><code>isValid()</code><span><span>。</span><span>这包括默认约束违规，但也包括</span></span><code>ConstraintViolationBuilder</code><span><span>. </span><span>但是，您可以在调用之间更新参数
</span></span><code>ConstraintViolationBuilder#addConstraintViolation()</code><span><span>。</span></span></p>