🧱 switch to dedicated reusable MQT workflows

[burgholzer]

Description

This PR switches the reusable workflows from MQT Core to the ones hosted at https://github.com/cda-tum/mqt-workflows. This creates a better separation of concerns and allows for separate versioning of the workflows and the MQT Core library.

Furthermore, this PR adapts the configuration of the continuous deployment job so that the job is also triggered if the respective workflow file is updated. This should help to catch errors as early as possible when dependabot updates the workflow.

Checklist:

• The pull request only contains commits that are related to it.
• I have added appropriate tests and documentation.
• I have made sure that all CI jobs on GitHub pass.
• The pull request introduces no new warnings and follows the project's style guidelines.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 90.4%. Comparing base (a9fbc68) to head (e07015e).
Report is 91 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@          Coverage Diff          @@
##            main    #456   +/-   ##
=====================================
  Coverage   90.4%   90.4%           
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  Files         68      68           
  Lines       7852    7852           
  Branches    1277    1277           
=====================================
  Hits        7102    7102           
  Misses       750     750           

Flag	Coverage Δ
cpp	90.0% <ø> (ø)
python	95.9% <ø> (ø)