fix: Provide source map for internal extension code (#22716)

This commit adds support for source maps for `ext/` crates that are
authored in TypeScript. As a result any exceptions thrown from eg. `ext/node`
will now have correct stack traces.

This is only enabled in debug mode as it adds about 2Mb to the binary.

runtime/shared.rs

@@ -97,8 +97,13 @@ pub fn maybe_transpile_source(
   let transpiled_source = parsed.transpile(&deno_ast::EmitOptions {
     imports_not_used_as_values: deno_ast::ImportsNotUsedAsValues::Remove,
     inline_source_map: false,
+    source_map: cfg!(debug_assertions),
     ..Default::default()
   })?;
 
-  Ok((transpiled_source.text.into(), None))
+  let maybe_source_map: Option<SourceMapData> = transpiled_source
+    .source_map
+    .map(|sm| sm.into_bytes().into());
+
+  Ok((transpiled_source.text.into(), maybe_source_map))
 }