Introduction to SWIG.
- https://www.swig.org/
- https://www.swig.org/papers/PyTutorial98/PyTutorial98.pdf
- https://github.com/swig/swig
- https://github.com/kstephens/swig-101
- https://github.com/kstephens/swig/tree/postgresql
SWIG is a foreign-function-interface (FFI) generator for native C/C++ libraries. SWIG vastly reduces the development cost of using native libraries within dynamic languages.
- SWIG was created in 1995 at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
- Under active development.
- SWIG interface defintions are a superset of C/C++.
- Many C/C++ header files are also SWIG interface definition files.
- Can target multiple languages with little effort.
- Bindings are generated, compiled and linked.
- Bindings can be dynamically loaded or statically linked.
- Generated code is self-contained.
- Hinting improves integration and representation.
- Template-driven: users can create specialized generators.
- Consistency between target languages.
- Use dynamic languages to test C/C++ code.
- Improve library adoption.
- Integration with other tools.
- C struct and union
- C/C++
#definemacros - C/C++ pointers, references,
constdeclarations - C/C++ function signatures and calls
- C++ classes
- C++ methods: static, virtual and operator overrides
- C++ templates
- C++ STL support.
in,out,in-outparameters- Proper memory management
SWIG can generate bindings for multiple target languages from one set of interface files:
- Python
- Ruby
- Java
- Perl 5
- Tcl 8
- PostgreSQL (proof-of-concept)
- Lua
- D
- Go
- Guile Scheme
- Javascript
- Octave
- PHP 7
- R (aka GNU S)
- Scilab
- XML (machine-readable metadata)
- Does not leverage existing code, fixes, future improvements.
- Does not target multiple languages.
- Increased cost of ownership.
- Adoption barriers.
- Incongruent language idioms.
- Every target language extension API is completely different.
- Some implementations of the same target language are different: e.g. JRuby and CRuby.
- Some are dynamic with associated performance costs.
- Few languages have well-defined APIs. (JNI is a notable exception)
- Requires intimate knowledge:
- rules
- best-practices
- manually wrapping data structure, function, class, method and associated runtime.
- manual memory managment
- Only supports dynamic function calls.
- Very low-level.
- Does not interpret C/C++ headers.
- Does not support C++.
- Requires specifing function signatures at runtime.
- Does not provide any data structure functionality.
- Requires knowledge of CPU, compiler and OS calling conventions.
- Requires manual layout struct and union values accordingly.
| Language | Files | Lines | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Source Code | |||
| Native Library | C/C++ Header | 40 | 3,505 |
| SWIG Interfaces | SWIG | 9 | 2,667 |
| TOTAL: | 49 | 6,172 | |
| Generated Code | |||
| Python Bindings | Python | 1 | 8,922 |
| C++ | 1 | 35,235 | |
| TOTAL: | 2 | 44,157 | |
| Java Bindings | Java | 55 | 6,741 |
| C++ | 1 | 17,987 | |
| TOTAL: | 56 | 24,728 | |
| GRAND TOTAL: | 107 | 68,885 |
A 10x gain for only two target languages.
The examples below target:
- Python
- Clojure via Java
- Ruby
- TCL
- Guile Scheme
- PostgreSQL
#define MATHLIB_VERSION "1.2.3" // 1
/* Returns: c0 + c1*x + c2*x^2 + c3*x^3 */
double cubic_poly(double x, // 3
double c0, // 4
double c1, // 5
double c2, // 6
double c3); // 7 #include "mathlib.h" // 1
double cubic_poly(double x, // 2
double c0, // 3
double c1, // 4
double c2, // 5
double c3) { // 6
return c0 + c1 * x + c2 * x*x + c3 * x*x*x; // 7
} // 8 #include <stdio.h> // 1
#include "mathlib.h" // 2
int main(int argc, char **argv) { // 4
printf("MATHLIB_VERSION = %s\n", MATHLIB_VERSION); // 5
printf("%5.1f\n", cubic_poly(2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0)); // 6
return 0; // 7
} // 8 $ target/native/mathlib-main
MATHLIB_VERSION = 1.2.3
129.0
%module mathlib_swig // 1
%include "mathlib.h" // 2
%{ // 3
#include "mathlib.h" // 4
%} // 5 # Setup search path:
import sys ; sys.path.append('target/python') # 2
# Load SWIG bindings:
import mathlib_swig as mathlib # 5
# Use SWIG bindings:
print(f'MATHLIB_VERSION = {mathlib.MATHLIB_VERSION}') # 8
print(mathlib.cubic_poly(2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0)) # 9 $ src/mathlib.py
MATHLIB_VERSION = 1.2.3
129.0
;; Load SWIG bindings:
(clojure.lang.RT/loadLibrary "mathlib_swig") ;; 2
(import 'mathlib_swig) ;; 3
;; Use SWIG bindings:
(println (format "MATHLIB_VERSION = %s" ;; 6
(mathlib_swig/MATHLIB_VERSION))) ;; 7
(prn (mathlib_swig/cubic_poly 2.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 11.0)) ;; 8 $ src/mathlib.clj
MATHLIB_VERSION = 1.2.3
129.0
# Setup search path:
ENV["LD_LIBRARY_PATH"] = 'target/ruby' # 2
$:.unshift 'target/ruby' # 3
# Load SWIG bindings:
require 'mathlib_swig' # 6
include Mathlib_swig # 7
# Use SWIG bindings:
puts "MATHLIB_VERSION = #{MATHLIB_VERSION.inspect}" # 10
puts cubic_poly(2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0) # 11 $ src/mathlib.rb
MATHLIB_VERSION = "1.2.3"
129.0
;; Load SWIG bindings:
(load-extension "target/guile/libmathlib_swig.so" "SWIG_init") ;; 2
;; Use SWIG bindings:
(display `(MATHLIB-VERSION = ,(MATHLIB-VERSION))) (newline) ;; 5
(write (cubic-poly 2.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 11.0)) ;; 7
(newline) ;; 8 $ src/mathlib.scm
(MATHLIB-VERSION = 1.2.3)
129.0
# Load SWIG bindings:
load target/tcl/mathlib_swig.so Mathlib_swig # 2
# Use SWIG bindings:
puts "MATHLIB_VERSION = ${MATHLIB_VERSION}" # 5
puts [cubic_poly 2.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 11.0] # 6 $ src/mathlib.tcl
MATHLIB_VERSION = 1.2.3
129.0
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION mathlib_swig; -- 2
-- Call the functions:
SELECT MATHLIB_VERSION(); -- 4
SELECT cubic_poly(2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0); -- 5 $ src/mathlib-1.psql
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION mathlib_swig;
-- Call the functions:
SELECT MATHLIB_VERSION();
mathlib_version
-----------------
1.2.3
(1 row)
SELECT cubic_poly(2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0);
cubic_poly
------------
129
(1 row)
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION mathlib_swig; -- 2
-- Create some coefficient and parameter tables:
CREATE TABLE coefficients ( -- 4
c_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, -- 5
c0 FLOAT8, -- 6
c1 FLOAT8, -- 7
c2 FLOAT8, -- 8
c3 FLOAT8 -- 9
); -- 10
CREATE TABLE parameters ( -- 11
x_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, -- 12
x FLOAT8 -- 13
); -- 14
-- Create some coefficient and parameter data:
INSERT INTO coefficients -- 16
( c0 , c1 , c2 , c3 ) VALUES -- 17
( 3.00, 5.00, 7.00, 11.00), -- 18
( 2.30, 5.70, 11.13, 17.23), -- 19
(-5.20, 1.20, -99.00, 12.34); -- 20
INSERT INTO parameters -- 21
(x) VALUES -- 22
( 2), -- 23
(-3.7), -- 24
( 3.1415926); -- 25
-- Apply cubic_poly to parameters and coefficients:
SELECT *, cubic_poly(x, c0, c1, c2, c3) -- 27
FROM parameters, coefficients; -- 28 $ src/mathlib-2.psql
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION mathlib_swig;
-- Create some coefficient and parameter tables:
CREATE TABLE coefficients (
c_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
c0 FLOAT8,
c1 FLOAT8,
c2 FLOAT8,
c3 FLOAT8
);
CREATE TABLE parameters (
x_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
x FLOAT8
);
-- Create some coefficient and parameter data:
INSERT INTO coefficients
( c0 , c1 , c2 , c3 ) VALUES
( 3.00, 5.00, 7.00, 11.00),
( 2.30, 5.70, 11.13, 17.23),
(-5.20, 1.20, -99.00, 12.34);
INSERT INTO parameters
(x) VALUES
( 2),
(-3.7),
( 3.1415926);
-- Apply cubic_poly to parameters and coefficients:
SELECT *, cubic_poly(x, c0, c1, c2, c3)
FROM parameters, coefficients;
x_id | x | c_id | c0 | c1 | c2 | c3 | cubic_poly
------+-----------+------+------+-----+-------+-------+---------------------
1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 129
1 | 2 | 2 | 2.3 | 5.7 | 11.13 | 17.23 | 196.06
1 | 2 | 3 | -5.2 | 1.2 | -99 | 12.34 | -300.08000000000004
2 | -3.7 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | -476.85300000000007
2 | -3.7 | 2 | 2.3 | 5.7 | 11.13 | 17.23 | -739.1714900000002
2 | -3.7 | 3 | -5.2 | 1.2 | -99 | 12.34 | -1990.0080200000002
3 | 3.1415926 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 428.8642174798897
3 | 3.1415926 | 2 | 2.3 | 5.7 | 11.13 | 17.23 | 664.2938909186964
3 | 3.1415926 | 3 | -5.2 | 1.2 | -99 | 12.34 | -595.9034565984515
(9 rows)
$ target/native/mathlib-main
MATHLIB_VERSION = 1.2.3
129.0
$ src/mathlib.py
MATHLIB_VERSION = 1.2.3
129.0
$ src/mathlib.clj
MATHLIB_VERSION = 1.2.3
129.0
$ src/mathlib.rb
MATHLIB_VERSION = "1.2.3"
129.0
$ src/mathlib.scm
(MATHLIB-VERSION = 1.2.3)
129.0
$ src/mathlib.tcl
MATHLIB_VERSION = 1.2.3
129.0
$ src/mathlib-1.psql
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION mathlib_swig;
-- Call the functions:
SELECT MATHLIB_VERSION();
mathlib_version
-----------------
1.2.3
(1 row)
SELECT cubic_poly(2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0);
cubic_poly
------------
129
(1 row)
$ src/mathlib-2.psql
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION mathlib_swig;
-- Create some coefficient and parameter tables:
CREATE TABLE coefficients (
c_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
c0 FLOAT8,
c1 FLOAT8,
c2 FLOAT8,
c3 FLOAT8
);
CREATE TABLE parameters (
x_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
x FLOAT8
);
-- Create some coefficient and parameter data:
INSERT INTO coefficients
( c0 , c1 , c2 , c3 ) VALUES
( 3.00, 5.00, 7.00, 11.00),
( 2.30, 5.70, 11.13, 17.23),
(-5.20, 1.20, -99.00, 12.34);
INSERT INTO parameters
(x) VALUES
( 2),
(-3.7),
( 3.1415926);
-- Apply cubic_poly to parameters and coefficients:
SELECT *, cubic_poly(x, c0, c1, c2, c3)
FROM parameters, coefficients;
x_id | x | c_id | c0 | c1 | c2 | c3 | cubic_poly
------+-----------+------+------+-----+-------+-------+---------------------
1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 129
1 | 2 | 2 | 2.3 | 5.7 | 11.13 | 17.23 | 196.06
1 | 2 | 3 | -5.2 | 1.2 | -99 | 12.34 | -300.08000000000004
2 | -3.7 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | -476.85300000000007
2 | -3.7 | 2 | 2.3 | 5.7 | 11.13 | 17.23 | -739.1714900000002
2 | -3.7 | 3 | -5.2 | 1.2 | -99 | 12.34 | -1990.0080200000002
3 | 3.1415926 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 428.8642174798897
3 | 3.1415926 | 2 | 2.3 | 5.7 | 11.13 | 17.23 | 664.2938909186964
3 | 3.1415926 | 3 | -5.2 | 1.2 | -99 | 12.34 | -595.9034565984515
(9 rows)
#include <vector> // 1
#define POLYNOMIAL_VERSION "1.2.1" // 3
class Polynomial { // 5
public: // 6
std::vector<double> coeffs; // 7
double evaluate(double x) const; // 8
}; // 9 #include "polynomial.h" // 1
double Polynomial::evaluate(double x) const { // 3
double result = 0, xx = 1; // 4
for ( auto c : this->coeffs ) { // 5
result = result + c * xx; // 6
xx = xx * x; // 7
} // 8
return result; // 9
} // 10 #include <iostream> // 1
#include <iomanip> // 2
#include "polynomial.h" // 3
int main(int argc, char **argv) { // 5
std::cout << "POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = \"" << POLYNOMIAL_VERSION << "\"\n"; // 6
Polynomial p; // 8
p.coeffs = { 3, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0 }; // 10
std::cout << std::setprecision(9) << p.evaluate(2) << "\n"; // 11
p.coeffs = { 2.3, 3.5, 5.7, 7.11, 11.13, -13.17 }; // 13
std::cout << std::setprecision(9) << p.evaluate(1.2) << "\n"; // 14
return 0; // 16
} // 17 $ target/native/polynomial-main
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = "1.2.1"
129
17.3020736
// Name of generated bindings:
%module polynomial_swig // 2
// Include std::vector<T> support:
%include "std_vector.i" // 5
// Template instantiation:
%template(VectorDouble) std::vector<double>; // 8
// Include C++ declarations as SWIG interface definitions:
%include "polynomial.h" // 11
// Prepend C++ code in generated bindings:
%{ // 14
#include "polynomial.h" // 15
%} // 16 from polynomial_swig import * # 1
print(f'POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = {POLYNOMIAL_VERSION}') # 3
poly = Polynomial() # 5
poly.coeffs = VectorDouble([ 3, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0 ]) # 7
print(list(poly.coeffs)) # 8
print(poly.evaluate(2)) # 9
poly.coeffs = VectorDouble([ 2.3, 3.5, 5.7, 7.11, 11.13, -13.17 ]) # 11
print(list(poly.coeffs)) # 12
print(poly.evaluate(1.2)) # 13 $ src/polynomial.py
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 1.2.1
[3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0]
129.0
[2.3, 3.5, 5.7, 7.11, 11.13, -13.17]
17.3020736
from polynomial_swig import * # 1
import pytest # 2
def test_empty_coeffs(): # 4
p = Polynomial() # 5
assert p.evaluate(1.2) == 0.0 # 6
assert p.evaluate(999) == 0.0 # 7
def test_one_coeff(): # 9
p = Polynomial() # 10
p.coeffs = VectorDouble([ 2.3 ]) # 11
assert p.evaluate(1.2) == 2.3 # 12
assert p.evaluate(999) == 2.3 # 13
def test_more_than_one_coeff(): # 15
p = Polynomial() # 16
p.coeffs = VectorDouble([ 3, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0 ]) # 17
assert p.evaluate(2) == 129.0 # 18
assert p.evaluate(-3.5) == -400.375 # 19 $ src/polynomial-test.py
(clojure.lang.RT/loadLibrary "polynomial_swig") ;; 1
(import 'polynomial_swig) ;; 2
(println (format "POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = %s" ;; 4
(polynomial_swig/POLYNOMIAL_VERSION))) ;; 5
(def p (Polynomial.)) ;; 7
;; Note: does not coerce java.lang.Long 3 to 3.0
(.setCoeffs p (VectorDouble. [ 3.0 5.0 7.0 11.0 ])) ;; 10
(prn (.getCoeffs p)) ;; 11
(prn (.evaluate p 2)) ;; 12
(.setCoeffs p (VectorDouble. [ 2.3 3.5 5.7 7.11 11.13 -13.17 ])) ;; 14
(prn (.getCoeffs p)) ;; 15
(prn (.evaluate p 1.2)) ;; 16 $ src/polynomial.clj
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 1.2.1
[3.0 5.0 7.0 11.0]
129.0
[2.3 3.5 5.7 7.11 11.13 -13.17]
17.3020736
require 'polynomial_swig' # 1
include Polynomial_swig # 2
pp POLYNOMIAL_VERSION: POLYNOMIAL_VERSION # 4
p = Polynomial.new # 6
p.coeffs = VectorDouble.new([ 3, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0 ]) # 8
pp p.coeffs.to_a # 9
pp p.evaluate(2) # 10
p.coeffs = VectorDouble.new([ 2.3, 3.5, 5.7, 7.11, 11.13, -13.17 ]) # 12
pp p.coeffs.to_a # 13
pp p.evaluate(1.2) # 14 $ src/polynomial.rb
{:POLYNOMIAL_VERSION=>"1.2.1"}
[3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0]
129.0
[2.3, 3.5, 5.7, 7.11, 11.13, -13.17]
17.3020736
(load-extension "target/guile/libpolynomial_swig.so" "SWIG_init") ;; 1
(display `(POLYNOMIAL-VERSION = ,(POLYNOMIAL-VERSION))) (newline) ;; 3
(define p (new-Polynomial)) ;; 5
(Polynomial-coeffs-set p (new-VectorDouble '(3 5.0 7.0 11.0))) ;; 7
(write (Polynomial-coeffs-get p)) (newline) ;; 8
(write (Polynomial-evaluate p 2)) (newline) ;; 9
(Polynomial-coeffs-set p (new-VectorDouble '(2.3 3.5 5.7 7.11 11.13 -13.17))) ;; 11
(write (Polynomial-coeffs-get p)) (newline) ;; 12
(write (Polynomial-evaluate p 1.2)) (newline) ;; 13 $ src/polynomial.scm
(POLYNOMIAL-VERSION = 1.2.1)
#<swig-pointer std::vector< double > * 010000001>
129.0
#<swig-pointer std::vector< double > * 010000001>
17.3020736
load target/tcl/polynomial_swig.so Polynomial_swig # 1
puts [list POLYNOMIAL_VERSION $POLYNOMIAL_VERSION] # 3
Polynomial poly # 5
VectorDouble c { 3 5.0 7.0 11.0 } # 7
poly configure -coeffs c # 8
puts [poly cget -coeffs] # 9
puts [poly evaluate 2] # 10
VectorDouble c { 2.3 3.5 5.7 7.11 11.13 -13.17 } # 12
poly configure -coeffs c # 13
puts [poly cget -coeffs] # 14
puts [poly evaluate 1.2] # 15 $ src/polynomial.tcl
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION 1.2.1
_0000000010000002_p_std__vectorT_double_t
129.0
_0000000010000002_p_std__vectorT_double_t
17.3020736
from polynomial_swig import * # 1
import pytest # 2
def test_empty_coeffs(): # 4
p = Polynomial() # 5
assert p.evaluate(1.2) == 0.0 # 6
assert p.evaluate(999) == 0.0 # 7
def test_one_coeff(): # 9
p = Polynomial() # 10
p.coeffs = VectorDouble([ 2.3 ]) # 11
assert p.evaluate(1.2) == 2.3 # 12
assert p.evaluate(999) == 2.3 # 13
def test_more_than_one_coeff(): # 15
p = Polynomial() # 16
p.coeffs = VectorDouble([ 3, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0 ]) # 17
assert p.evaluate(2) == 129.0 # 18
assert p.evaluate(-3.5) == -400.375 # 19 $ python3.10 -m pytest src/polynomial-test.py
============================= test session starts ==============================
platform darwin -- Python 3.10.13, pytest-7.1.2, pluggy-1.0.0
rootdir: .
plugins: cov-4.1.0, mock-3.8.2
collected 3 items
src/polynomial-test.py ... [100%]
============================== 3 passed in 0.01s ===============================
$ target/native/polynomial-main
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = "1.2.1"
129
17.3020736
$ src/polynomial.py
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 1.2.1
[3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0]
129.0
[2.3, 3.5, 5.7, 7.11, 11.13, -13.17]
17.3020736
$ src/polynomial-test.py
$ src/polynomial.clj
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 1.2.1
[3.0 5.0 7.0 11.0]
129.0
[2.3 3.5 5.7 7.11 11.13 -13.17]
17.3020736
$ src/polynomial.rb
{:POLYNOMIAL_VERSION=>"1.2.1"}
[3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0]
129.0
[2.3, 3.5, 5.7, 7.11, 11.13, -13.17]
17.3020736
$ src/polynomial.scm
(POLYNOMIAL-VERSION = 1.2.1)
#<swig-pointer std::vector< double > * 010000001>
129.0
#<swig-pointer std::vector< double > * 010000001>
17.3020736
$ src/polynomial.tcl
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION 1.2.1
_0000000010000002_p_std__vectorT_double_t
129.0
_0000000010000002_p_std__vectorT_double_t
17.3020736
$ python3.10 -m pytest src/polynomial-test.py
============================= test session starts ==============================
platform darwin -- Python 3.10.13, pytest-7.1.2, pluggy-1.0.0
rootdir: .
plugins: cov-4.1.0, mock-3.8.2
collected 3 items
src/polynomial-test.py ... [100%]
============================== 3 passed in 0.01s ===============================
#include "rational.h" // 1 #include "rational.h" // 1
#include <iostream> // 2
int main(int argc, char **argv) { // 4
mathlib::rational<int> a(2, 3), b(5, 6); // 5
#define P(x) std::cout << #x << " = " << (x) << "\n" // 6
P(a); // 7
P(b); // 8
P(a + b); // 9
P(a * b); // 10
P(a > b); // 11
return 0; // 12
} // 13 $ target/native/rational-main
a = 2/3
b = 5/6
a + b = 3/2
a * b = 5/9
a > b = 0
// Name of generated bindings:
%module rational_swig // 2
// Include C++ std lib interfaces:
%include "std_string.i" // python __str__(), __repr__() // 5
// Include C++ declarations as SWIG interface definitions:
%include "rational.h" // 8
// Prepend C++ code in generated bindings:
%{ // 11
#include "rational.h" // 12
%} // 13
// Enable access to operators:
%rename(__eq__) mathlib::rational::operator==; // 16
%rename(__ne__) mathlib::rational::operator!=; // 17
%rename(__gt__) mathlib::rational::operator<; // 18
%rename(__ge__) mathlib::rational::operator<=; // 19
%rename(__lt__) mathlib::rational::operator>; // 20
%rename(__le__) mathlib::rational::operator>=; // 21
%rename(__neg__) mathlib::rational::operator-(); // 22
%rename(__add__) mathlib::rational::operator+; // 23
%rename(__sub__) mathlib::rational::operator-; // 24
%rename(__mul__) mathlib::rational::operator*; // 25
%rename(__truediv__) mathlib::rational::operator/; // 26
// Instantiate a template:
%template(RationalInt) mathlib::rational<int>; // 29 from rational_swig import * # 1
def P(x): # 3
print(f'{x} = {eval(x)}') # 4
a = RationalInt(2, 3) # 6
b = RationalInt(5, 6) # 7
P("a") # 9
P("b") # 10
P("a + b") # 11
P("a * b") # 12
P("a > b") # 13 $ src/rational.py
a = 2/3
b = 5/6
a + b = 3/2
a * b = 5/9
a > b = True
$ target/native/rational-main
a = 2/3
b = 5/6
a + b = 3/2
a * b = 5/9
a > b = 0
$ src/rational.py
a = 2/3
b = 5/6
a + b = 3/2
a * b = 5/9
a > b = True
#include <vector> // 1
#define POLYNOMIAL_VERSION "2.0.2" // 3
namespace mathlib { // 5
template < typename R > // 6
class polynomial { // 7
public: // 8
std::vector< R > coeffs; // 9
R evaluate(const R &x) const; // 10
}; // 11
} // 12 #include "polynomial_v2.h" // 1
#include "rational.h" // 2
#include <complex> // 3
namespace mathlib { // 5
template < typename R > // 6
R polynomial< R >::evaluate(const R &x) const { // 7
R result(0), xx(1); // 8
for ( const auto &c : this->coeffs ) { // 9
result = result + c * xx; // 10
xx = xx * x; // 11
} // 12
return result; // 13
}; // 14
// Instantiate templates:
template class polynomial<int>; // 17
template class polynomial<double>; // 18
template class polynomial<rational<int>>; // 19
template class polynomial<std::complex<double>>; // 20
} // 21 #include <iostream> // 1
#include <iomanip> // 2
#include "polynomial_v2.h" // 3
#include "rational.h" // 4
#include <complex> // 5
using namespace mathlib; // 7
int main(int argc, char **argv) { // 9
std::cout << "POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = " << POLYNOMIAL_VERSION << "\n"; // 10
polynomial<double> pd; // 12
pd.coeffs = { 3, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0 }; // 13
std::cout << pd.evaluate(2) << "\n"; // 14
polynomial<int> pi; // 16
pi.coeffs = { 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, -13 }; // 17
std::cout << pi.evaluate(-2) << "\n"; // 18
typedef rational<int> R; // 20
polynomial<R> pr; // 21
pr.coeffs = { R(7, 11), R(11, 13), R(13, 17) }; // 22
std::cout << pr.evaluate(R(-5, 7)) << "\n"; // 23
typedef std::complex<double> C; // 25
polynomial<C> pc; // 26
pc.coeffs = { C(7.2, 11.3), C(11.5, 13.7), C(13.11, 17.13) }; // 27
std::cout << pc.evaluate(C(-5.7, 7.11)) << "\n"; // 28
return 0; // 30
} // 31 $ target/native/polynomial_v2-main
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 2.0.2
129
552
50283/119119
(995.904,-1357.05)
// Name of generated bindings:
%module polynomial_v2_swig // 2
// Include C++ std lib interfaces:
%include "std_string.i" // python __str__(), __repr__() // 5
%include "std_vector.i" // std::vector<T> // 6
// Include C++ declarations as SWIG interface definitions:
%include "polynomial_v2.h" // 9
%include "rational.i" // python __eq__(), __add__(), etc. // 10
// Prepend C++ code in generated bindings:
%{ // 13
#include "polynomial_v2.h" // 14
#include "rational.h" // 15
%} // 16
%template(VectorDoubleV2) std::vector<double>; // 18
%template(VectorIntV2) std::vector<int>; // 19
%template(VectorRationalV2) std::vector<mathlib::rational<int>>; // 20
%template(PolynomialDoubleV2) mathlib::polynomial<double>; // 21
%template(PolynomialIntV2) mathlib::polynomial<int>; // 22
%template(PolynomialRationalV2) mathlib::polynomial<mathlib::rational<int>>; // 23
// std::complex<double>:
#if SWIGPYTHON || SWIGRUBY // 26
%include "std_complex.i" // std::complex<double> // 27
%template(ComplexV2) std::complex<double>; // 28
%template(VectorComplexV2) std::vector<std::complex<double>>; // 29
%template(PolynomialComplexV2) mathlib::polynomial<std::complex<double>>; // 30
#endif // 31 from polynomial_v2_swig import * # 1
print(f'POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = {POLYNOMIAL_VERSION}') # 3
# polynomial<double>:
poly = PolynomialDoubleV2() # 6
poly.coeffs = VectorDoubleV2([ 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0 ]) # 7
print(list(poly.coeffs)) # 8
print(poly.evaluate(2)) # 9
# polynomial<rational<int>>:
poly = PolynomialRationalV2() # 12
poly.coeffs = VectorRationalV2([ RationalInt(7, 11), RationalInt(11, 13), RationalInt(13, 17) ]) # 13
print(list(poly.coeffs)) # 14
print(poly.evaluate(RationalInt(-5, 7))) # 15
# polynomial<complex<double>>:
poly = PolynomialComplexV2() # 18
poly.coeffs = VectorComplexV2([ complex(7.2, 11.3), complex(11.5, 13.7), complex(13.11, 17.13) ]) # 19
print(list(poly.coeffs)) # 20
print(poly.evaluate(complex(-5.7, 7.11))) # 21 $ src/polynomial_v2.py
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 2.0.2
[3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0]
129.0
[rational<int>(7,11), rational<int>(11,13), rational<int>(13,17)]
50283/119119
[(7.2+11.3j), (11.5+13.7j), (13.11+17.13j)]
(995.9038889999997-1357.0467130000002j)
(clojure.lang.RT/loadLibrary "polynomial_v2_swig") ;; 1
(import 'polynomial_v2_swig) ;; 2
(println (format "POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = %s" ;; 4
(polynomial_v2_swig/POLYNOMIAL_VERSION))) ;; 5
;; polynomial<double>:
(def p1 (PolynomialDoubleV2.)) ;; 8
(.setCoeffs p1 (VectorDoubleV2. [ 3.0 5.0 7.0 11.0 ])) ;; 9
(prn (.getCoeffs p1)) ;; 10
(prn (.evaluate p1 2)) ;; 11
;; polynomial<int> object:
(def p2 (PolynomialIntV2.)) ;; 14
(.setCoeffs p2 (VectorIntV2. (map int [2 3 5 7 11 -13]))) ;; 15
(prn (.getCoeffs p2)) ;; 16
(prn (.evaluate p2 -2)) ;; 17
;; polynomial<rational<int>>:
(def p3 (PolynomialRationalV2.)) ;; 20
(.setCoeffs p3 (VectorRationalV2. [ (RationalInt. 7 11) (RationalInt. 11 13) (RationalInt. 13 17) ])) ;; 21
(prn (mapv #(.__str__ %) (.getCoeffs p3))) ;; 22
(prn (.__str__ (.evaluate p3 (RationalInt. -5, 7)))) ;; 23 $ src/polynomial_v2.clj
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 2.0.2
[3.0 5.0 7.0 11.0]
129.0
[2 3 5 7 11 -13]
552
["7/11" "11/13" "13/17"]
"50283/119119"
require 'polynomial_v2_swig' # 1
PV2 = Polynomial_v2_swig # 2
puts "POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = #{PV2::POLYNOMIAL_VERSION}" # 4
# polynomial<double>:
poly = PV2::PolynomialDoubleV2.new # 7
poly.coeffs = PV2::VectorDoubleV2.new([ 3, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0 ]) # 8
pp poly.coeffs.to_a # 9
pp poly.evaluate(2) # 10
# polynomial<int>
poly = PV2::PolynomialIntV2.new # 13
poly.coeffs = PV2::VectorIntV2.new([ 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, -13 ]) # 14
pp poly.coeffs.to_a # 15
pp poly.evaluate(-2) # 16
# polynomial<rational<int>>:
poly = PV2::PolynomialRationalV2.new() # 19
poly.coeffs = PV2::VectorRationalV2.new([ PV2::RationalInt.new(7, 11), PV2::RationalInt.new(11, 13), PV2::RationalInt.new(13,17) ]) # 20
pp poly.coeffs.to_a # 21
pp poly.evaluate(PV2::RationalInt.new(-5, 7)) # 22
# polynomial<complex<double>>
poly = PV2::PolynomialComplexV2.new() # 25
poly.coeffs = PV2::VectorComplexV2.new([ 7.2+11.3i, 11.5+13.7i, 13.11+17.13i ]) # 26
pp poly.coeffs.to_a # 27
pp poly.evaluate(-5.7+7.11i) # 28 $ src/polynomial_v2.rb
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 2.0.2
[3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0]
129.0
[2, 3, 5, 7, 11, -13]
552
[rational<int>(7,11), rational<int>(11,13), rational<int>(13,17)]
rational<int>(50283,119119)
[(7.2+11.3i), (11.5+13.7i), (13.11+17.13i)]
(995.9038889999997-1357.0467130000002i)
load target/tcl/polynomial_v2_swig.so Polynomial_v2_swig # 1
puts [list POLYNOMIAL_VERSION $POLYNOMIAL_VERSION] # 3
# polynomial<double>:
PolynomialDoubleV2 poly # 6
VectorDoubleV2 c { 3 5.0 7.0 11.0 } # 7
poly configure -coeffs c # 8
puts [poly cget -coeffs] # 9
puts [poly evaluate 2] # 10
# polynomial<int>:
PolynomialIntV2 poly # 13
VectorIntV2 c { 2 3 5 7 11 -13 } # 14
poly configure -coeffs c # 15
puts [poly cget -coeffs] # 16
puts [poly evaluate -2] # 17
# polynomial<rational<int>>:
PolynomialRationalV2 poly # 20
VectorRationalV2 c [list [new_RationalInt 7 11] [new_RationalInt 11 13] [new_RationalInt 13 17]] # 21
poly configure -coeffs c # 22
puts [poly cget -coeffs] # 23
puts [RationalInt___repr__ [poly evaluate [new_RationalInt -5 7]]] # 24 $ src/polynomial_v2.tcl
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION 2.0.2
_0000000010000003_p_std__vectorT_double_t
129.0
_0000000010000004_p_std__vectorT_int_t
552
_0000000010000005_p_std__vectorT_mathlib__rationalT_int_t_t
rational<int>(50283,119119)
$ target/native/polynomial_v2-main
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 2.0.2
129
552
50283/119119
(995.904,-1357.05)
$ src/polynomial_v2.py
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 2.0.2
[3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0]
129.0
[rational<int>(7,11), rational<int>(11,13), rational<int>(13,17)]
50283/119119
[(7.2+11.3j), (11.5+13.7j), (13.11+17.13j)]
(995.9038889999997-1357.0467130000002j)
$ src/polynomial_v2.clj
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 2.0.2
[3.0 5.0 7.0 11.0]
129.0
[2 3 5 7 11 -13]
552
["7/11" "11/13" "13/17"]
"50283/119119"
$ src/polynomial_v2.rb
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION = 2.0.2
[3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 11.0]
129.0
[2, 3, 5, 7, 11, -13]
552
[rational<int>(7,11), rational<int>(11,13), rational<int>(13,17)]
rational<int>(50283,119119)
[(7.2+11.3i), (11.5+13.7i), (13.11+17.13i)]
(995.9038889999997-1357.0467130000002i)
$ src/polynomial_v2.tcl
POLYNOMIAL_VERSION 2.0.2
_0000000010000003_p_std__vectorT_double_t
129.0
_0000000010000004_p_std__vectorT_int_t
552
_0000000010000005_p_std__vectorT_mathlib__rationalT_int_t_t
rational<int>(50283,119119)
// swig <-> mp_int helpers
#include <stddef.h> // 3
#include <stdint.h> // 4
#include "bool.h" // 5
#include "libtommath/tommath.h" // 6
// Convert mp_int <-> string:
char* swig_mp_int_to_charP(mp_int* self, int radix); // 9
mp_int* swig_charP_to_mp_int(const char* str, int radix); // 10
char* swig_mp_int_repr(mp_int* self, int radix); // 11
#if SWIG // 13
// This extends generated classes with two
// methods which behave as Python's methods.
// Also for Ruby and other language targets.
%extend mp_int { // 17
char* __str__(int radix = 10) { // 18
return swig_mp_int_to_charP(self, radix); // 19
} // 20
char* __repr__(int radix = 10) { // 21
return swig_mp_int_repr(self, radix); // 22
} // 23
} // 24
#endif // 25
// tommath `mp_int` internal memory is managed by:
//
// * mp_init(mp_int*)
// * mp_clear(mp_int*)
//
// tommath expects these functions to be called
// before and after using a mp_int value, respectively.
mp_int* swig_mp_int_new(mp_digit n); // 34
void swig_mp_int_delete(mp_int* self); // 35
#if SWIG // 37
// SWIG wraps `struct mp_int` values with pointers
// allocated with `malloc(sizeof(mp_int))`.
// `%extend mp_int` defines constructors and destructors for `mp_int`.
%extend mp_int { // 41
mp_int(mp_digit n = 0) { // 42
return swig_mp_int_new(n); // 43
} // 44
mp_int(const char *str, int radix = 10) { // 45
return swig_charP_to_mp_int(str, radix); // 46
} // 47
~mp_int() { // 48
swig_mp_int_delete(self); // 49
} // 50
} // 51
#endif // 52 #include "tommath.h" // 1
#define _GNU_SOURCE // 2
#include <stdlib.h> // 3
char* swig_mp_int_to_charP(mp_int* self, int radix) { // 5
size_t size = 0, written = 0; // 6
(void) mp_radix_size(self, radix, &size); // 7
char* buf = malloc(size + 1); // 8
(void) mp_to_radix(self, buf, size, &written, radix); // 9
buf[written - 1] = 0; // 10
return buf; // 11
} // 12
char* swig_mp_int_repr(mp_int* self, int radix) { // 14
char *repr = 0, *str = swig_mp_int_to_charP(self, radix); // 15
if ( radix == 10 ) // 16
asprintf(&repr, "mp_int(\"%s\")", str); // 17
else // 18
asprintf(&repr, "mp_int(\"%s\",%d)", str, radix); // 19
return free(str), repr; // 20
} // 21
mp_int* swig_charP_to_mp_int(const char* str, int radix) { // 23
mp_int* self = swig_mp_int_new(0); // 24
(void) mp_read_radix(self, str, radix); // 25
return self; // 26
} // 27
mp_int* swig_mp_int_new(mp_digit n) { // 29
mp_int* self = malloc(sizeof(*self)); // 30
(void) mp_init(self); // 31
mp_set(self, n); // 32
return self; // 33
} // 34
void swig_mp_int_delete(mp_int* self) { // 36
mp_clear(self); // 37
free(self); // 38
} // 39 #include "libtommath/tommath.h" // 1
int main(int argc, char **argv) { // 3
printf("MP_ITER = %d\n", MP_ITER); // 4
mp_int a, b, c, d, e; // 6
(void) mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, &e, NULL); // 8
(void) mp_set(&a, 2357111317); // 10
(void) mp_set(&b, 1113171923); // 11
(void) mp_read_radix(&e, "12343456", 16); // 12
(void) mp_mul(&a, &b, &c); // 14
(void) mp_mul(&c, &b, &d); // 15
#define P(N) printf("%s = ", #N); (void) mp_fwrite(&N, 10, stdout); fputc('\n', stdout); // 17
P(a); P(b); P(c); P(d); P(e); // 18
mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, &e, NULL); // 19
return 0; // 21
} // 22 $ target/native/tommath-main
MP_ITER = -4
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 2623870137469952591
d = 2920818566629701480442302493
e = 305411158
%module tommath_swig // 1
%include "stdint.i" // mp_digit typedef // 2
// varargs NULL terminator up to 10 arguments:
%varargs(10, mp_int *ip = NULL) mp_init_multi; // 4
%varargs(10, mp_int *ip = NULL) mp_clear_multi; // 5
%{ // 6
#include "tommath.h" // 7
%} // 8
%include "libtommath/tommath.h" // 9
%include "tommath.h" // 10 from tommath_swig import * # 1
print(f'MP_ITER = {MP_ITER}') # 3
a = mp_int(); mp_set(a, 2357111317) # <-- awkward! # 5
b = mp_int(1113171923) # <-- better! # 6
c = mp_int() # 7
d = mp_int() # 8
e = mp_int("12343456", 16) # <-- yey! # 9
print({"a": a, "b": b, "c": c, "d": d, "e": e}) # 11
mp_mul(a, b, c) # 13
mp_mul(c, b, d) # 14
print({"a": a, "b": b, "c": c, "d": d, "e": e}) # 16 $ src/tommath.py
MP_ITER = -4
{'a': mp_int("2357111317"), 'b': mp_int("1113171923"), 'c': mp_int("0"), 'd': mp_int("0"), 'e': mp_int("305411158")}
{'a': mp_int("2357111317"), 'b': mp_int("1113171923"), 'c': mp_int("2623870137469952591"), 'd': mp_int("2920818566629701480442302493"), 'e': mp_int("305411158")}
require 'tommath_swig' # 1
include Tommath_swig # 2
require 'show' # 3
puts "MP_ITER = #{MP_ITER}" # 5
a = Mp_int.new(); mp_set(a, 2357111317) # <-- awkward! # 7
b = Mp_int.new(1113171923) # <-- better! # 8
c = Mp_int.new() # 9
d = Mp_int.new() # 10
e = Mp_int.new("12343456", 16) # <-- yey! # 11
def show! # 13
show_exprs "a", "b","c", "d", "e" # 14
end # 15
show! # 17
mp_mul(a, b, c); # 19
mp_mul(c, b, d); # 20
show! # 22 $ src/tommath-1.rb
MP_ITER = -4
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 0
d = 0
e = 305411158
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 2623870137469952591
d = 2920818566629701480442302493
e = 305411158
require 'tommath-mpi' # 1
require 'show' # 2
a = MPI[2357111317] # 4
b = MPI[1113171923] # 5
c = MPI[] # 6
d = MPI[] # 7
e = MPI["12343456", 16] # 8
def show! # 10
show_exprs "a", "b","c", "d", "e" # 11
end # 12
show! # 14
c = a * b # 16
d = c * b # 17
show! # 19 $ src/tommath-2.rb
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 0
d = 0
e = 305411158
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 2623870137469952591
d = 2920818566629701480442302493
e = 305411158
require 'tommath_swig' # 1
# Syntactic Sugar:
module Tommath_swig # 4
class Mp_int # 5
# Constructor:
def self.[] val = 0, radix = 10 # 7
case val # 8
when self # 9
val # 10
when Integer # 11
inst = new # 12
Tommath_swig.mp_set(inst, val) # 13
inst # 14
when String # 15
Tommath_swig.swig_charP_to_mp_int(val, radix) # 16
when nil # 17
self[0] # 18
else # 19
raise TypeError, "#{val.inspect} #{radix.inspect}" # 20
end # 21
end # 22
def to_s radix = 10 # 24
Tommath_swig.swig_mp_int_to_charP(self, radix) # 25
end # 26
def inspect # 28
"MPI[#{to_s.inspect}]" # 29
end # 30
def -@ # 32
result = MPI.new # 33
Tommath_swig.mp_neg(self, result) # 34
result # 35
end # 36
def + other # 37
result = MPI.new # 38
Tommath_swig.mp_add(self, MPI[other], result) # 39
result # 40
end # 41
def - other # 42
result = MPI.new # 43
Tommath_swig.mp_sub(self, MPI[other], result) # 44
result # 45
end # 46
def * other # 47
result = MPI.new # 48
Tommath_swig.mp_mul(self, MPI[other], result) # 49
result # 50
end # 51
def / other # 52
result = MPI.new # 53
remainder = MPI.new # 54
Tommath_swig.mp_div(self, MPI[other], result, remainder) # 55
result # 56
end # 57
end # 58
MPI = Mp_int # 59
end # 60
MPI = Tommath_swig::MPI # 61 (load-extension "target/guile/libtommath_swig.so" "SWIG_init") ;; 1
(display `(MP-ITER = ,(MP-ITER))) (newline) ;; 3
(define a (new-mp-int)) ;; 5
(mp-set a 2357111317) ;; <-- awkward! ;; 6
(define b (new-mp-int 1113171923)) ;; <-- better! ;; 7
(define c (new-mp-int)) ;; 8
(define d (new-mp-int)) ;; 9
(define e (new-mp-int "12343456" 16)) ;; <-- yey! ;; 10
(define (show!) ;; 12
(newline) ;; 13
(let ((r (lambda (n-v) ;; 14
(write (car n-v)) (display " = ") ;; 15
(display (mp-int---str-- (cadr n-v))) (newline)))) ;; 16
(for-each r `((a ,a) (b ,b) (c ,c) (d ,d) (e ,e))))) ;; 17
(show!) ;; 19
(mp-mul a b c) ;; 21
(mp-mul c b d) ;; 22
(show!) ;; 24 $ src/tommath.scm
(MP-ITER = -4)
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 0
d = 0
e = 305411158
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 2623870137469952591
d = 2920818566629701480442302493
e = 305411158
$ target/native/tommath-main
MP_ITER = -4
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 2623870137469952591
d = 2920818566629701480442302493
e = 305411158
$ src/tommath.py
MP_ITER = -4
{'a': mp_int("2357111317"), 'b': mp_int("1113171923"), 'c': mp_int("0"), 'd': mp_int("0"), 'e': mp_int("305411158")}
{'a': mp_int("2357111317"), 'b': mp_int("1113171923"), 'c': mp_int("2623870137469952591"), 'd': mp_int("2920818566629701480442302493"), 'e': mp_int("305411158")}
$ src/tommath-1.rb
MP_ITER = -4
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 0
d = 0
e = 305411158
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 2623870137469952591
d = 2920818566629701480442302493
e = 305411158
$ src/tommath-2.rb
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 0
d = 0
e = 305411158
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 2623870137469952591
d = 2920818566629701480442302493
e = 305411158
$ src/tommath.scm
(MP-ITER = -4)
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 0
d = 0
e = 305411158
a = 2357111317
b = 1113171923
c = 2623870137469952591
d = 2920818566629701480442302493
e = 305411158
// black_scholes.c is ~ 100 lines
double black_scholes_normal(double zz); // 2
double black_scholes_call(double strike_price, double asset_price, double standard_deviation, double risk_free_rate, double days_to_expiry); // 3
double black_scholes_put(double strike_price, double asset_price, double standard_deviation, double risk_free_rate, double days_to_expiry); // 4 #include <math.h> // 1
double black_scholes_normal(double zz) // 3
{ // 4
//cdf of 0 is 0.5
if (zz == 0) // 6
return 0.5; // 7
double z = zz; // 9
if (zz < 0) // 11
z = -zz; // 12
double p = 0.2316419; // 14
double b1 = 0.31938153; // 15
double b2 = -0.356563782; // 16
double b3 = 1.781477937; // 17
double b4 = -1.821255978; // 18
double b5 = 1.330274428; // 19
double f = 1 / sqrt(2 * M_PI); // 21
double ff = exp(-pow(z, 2) / 2) * f; // 22
double s1 = b1 / (1 + p * z); // 23
double s2 = b2 / pow((1 + p * z), 2); // 24
double s3 = b3 / pow((1 + p * z), 3); // 25
double s4 = b4 / pow((1 + p * z), 4); // 26
double s5 = b5 / pow((1 + p * z), 5); // 27
//sz is the right-tail approximation
double sz = ff * (s1 + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5); // 30
double rz; // 32
//cdf of negative input is right-tail of input's absolute value
if (zz < 0) // 34
rz = sz; // 35
//cdf of positive input is one minus right-tail
if (zz > 0) // 38
rz = (1 - sz); // 39
return rz; // 41
} // 42
double black_scholes_call_or_put(double strike, double s, double sd, double r, double days, int call_or_put) // 44
{ // 45
double ls = log(s); // 46
double lx = log(strike); // 47
double t = days / 365; // 48
double sd2 = pow(sd, 2); // 49
double n = (ls - lx + r * t + sd2 * t / 2); // 50
double sqrtT = sqrt(days / 365); // 51
double d = sd * sqrtT; // 52
double d1 = n / d; // 53
double d2 = d1 - sd * sqrtT; // 54
double nd1 = black_scholes_normal(d1); // 55
double nd2 = black_scholes_normal(d2); // 56
if ( call_or_put ) // 57
return s * nd1 - strike * exp(-r * t) * nd2; // 58
else // 59
return strike * exp(-r * t) * (1 - nd2) - s * (1 - nd1); // 60
} // 61
double black_scholes_call(double strike, double s, double sd, double r, double days) // 63
{ // 64
return black_scholes_call_or_put(strike, s, sd, r, days, 1); // 65
} // 66
double black_scholes_put(double strike, double s, double sd, double r, double days) // 68
{ // 69
return black_scholes_call_or_put(strike, s, sd, r, days, 0); // 70
} // 71 #include <stdio.h> // 1
#include "black_scholes.h" // 2
int main(int argc, char **argv) { // 4
double data[][5] = { // 5
// strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry:
// vary expiry:
{ 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 30.0 }, // 8
{ 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 15.0 }, // 9
{ 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 10.0 }, // 10
{ 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 5.0 }, // 11
{ 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 2.0 }, // 12
// vary strike:
{ 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 }, // 14
{ 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 }, // 15
{ 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 }, // 16
{ 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 }, // 17
{ 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 }, // 18
{ 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 }, // 19
{ 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 }, // 20
}; // 21
for ( int i = 0; i < sizeof(data) / sizeof(data[0]); i ++ ) { // 22
double *r = data[i]; // 23
double c = black_scholes_call (r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], r[4]); // 24
double p = black_scholes_put (r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], r[4]); // 25
printf("inputs: [ %5.2f, %5.2f, %5.2f, %5.2f, %5.2f ], call: %6.3f, put: %6.3f\n", // 26
r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], r[4], c, p); // 27
} // 28
return 0; // 29
} // 30 $ target/native/black_scholes-main
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 30.00 ], call: 0.753, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.632, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 10.00 ], call: 0.590, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 5.00 ], call: 0.546, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 2.00 ], call: 0.518, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 1.544, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 1.088, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.632, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.178, put: 0.001
inputs: [ 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 0.279
inputs: [ 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 0.735
inputs: [ 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 1.191
%module black_scholes_swig // 1
%include "black_scholes.h" // 2
%{ // 3
#include "black_scholes.h" // 4
%} // 5 import sys ; sys.path.append('target/python') # 1
import black_scholes_swig as bs # 2
data = [ # 4
# strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry:
# vary expiry:
[ 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 30.0 ], # 7
[ 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 15.0 ], # 8
[ 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 10.0 ], # 9
[ 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 5.0 ], # 10
[ 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 2.0 ], # 11
# vary strike:
[ 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 ], # 13
[ 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 ], # 14
[ 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 ], # 15
[ 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 ], # 16
[ 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 ], # 17
[ 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 ], # 18
[ 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.0 ], # 19
] # 20
for r in data: # 21
c = bs.black_scholes_call (*r) # 22
p = bs.black_scholes_put (*r) # 23
print("inputs: [ %5.2f, %5.2f, %5.2f, %5.2f, %5.2f ], call: %6.3f, put: %6.3f" % # 24
(*r, c, p)) # 25 $ src/black_scholes.py
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 30.00 ], call: 0.753, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.632, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 10.00 ], call: 0.590, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 5.00 ], call: 0.546, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 2.00 ], call: 0.518, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 1.544, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 1.088, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.632, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.178, put: 0.001
inputs: [ 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 0.279
inputs: [ 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 0.735
inputs: [ 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 1.191
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION black_scholes_swig; -- 2
-- Create some sample input data:
CREATE TABLE bs_data ( -- 5
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, -- 6
strike_price FLOAT8, -- 7
asset_price FLOAT8, -- 8
standard_deviation FLOAT8, -- 9
risk_free_rate FLOAT8, -- 10
days_to_expiry FLOAT8 -- 11
); -- 12
INSERT INTO bs_data -- 14
( strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry ) -- 15
VALUES -- 16
-- vary expiry:
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 30 ), -- 18
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 15 ), -- 19
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 10 ), -- 20
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 5 ), -- 21
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 2 ), -- 22
-- vary strike:
( 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 24
( 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 25
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 26
( 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 27
( 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 28
( 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 29
( 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ); -- 30
-- Apply Black-Scholes to data:
CREATE TABLE bs_eval -- 33
AS -- 34
SELECT * -- 35
, truncf(black_scholes_call(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS call_val -- 36
, truncf(black_scholes_put(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS put_val -- 37
FROM bs_data; -- 38
SELECT * FROM bs_eval; -- 39 $ src/black_scholes-1.psql
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION black_scholes_swig;
-- Create some sample input data:
CREATE TABLE bs_data (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
strike_price FLOAT8,
asset_price FLOAT8,
standard_deviation FLOAT8,
risk_free_rate FLOAT8,
days_to_expiry FLOAT8
);
INSERT INTO bs_data
( strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry )
VALUES
-- vary expiry:
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 30 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 10 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 5 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 2 ),
-- vary strike:
( 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 );
-- Apply Black-Scholes to data:
CREATE TABLE bs_eval
AS
SELECT *
, truncf(black_scholes_call(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS call_val
, truncf(black_scholes_put(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS put_val
FROM bs_data;
SELECT * FROM bs_eval;
id | strike_price | asset_price | standard_deviation | risk_free_rate | days_to_expiry | call_val | put_val
----+--------------+-------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+----------+---------
1 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 30 | 0.753 | 0
2 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.632 | 0
3 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 10 | 0.589 | 0
4 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 5 | 0.545 | 0
5 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 2 | 0.518 | 0
6 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 1.544 | 0
7 | 1 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 1.088 | 0
8 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.632 | 0
9 | 2 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.177 | 0.001
10 | 2.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 0.279
11 | 3 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 0.735
12 | 3.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 1.19
(12 rows)
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION black_scholes_swig; -- 2
-- Create some sample input data:
CREATE TABLE bs_data ( -- 5
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, -- 6
strike_price FLOAT8, -- 7
asset_price FLOAT8, -- 8
standard_deviation FLOAT8, -- 9
risk_free_rate FLOAT8, -- 10
days_to_expiry FLOAT8 -- 11
); -- 12
INSERT INTO bs_data -- 14
( strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry ) -- 15
VALUES -- 16
-- vary expiry:
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 30 ), -- 18
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 15 ), -- 19
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 10 ), -- 20
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 5 ), -- 21
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 2 ), -- 22
-- vary strike:
( 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 24
( 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 25
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 26
( 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 27
( 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 28
( 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ), -- 29
( 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ); -- 30
-- Apply Black-Scholes to data:
CREATE TABLE bs_eval -- 33
AS -- 34
SELECT * -- 35
, truncf(black_scholes_call(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS call_val -- 36
, truncf(black_scholes_put(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS put_val -- 37
FROM bs_data; -- 38
SELECT * FROM bs_eval; -- 40
-- Any profitable calls?
SELECT * FROM bs_eval -- 43
WHERE call_val > asset_price OR put_val > asset_price; -- 44
-- Create some random scenarios:
CREATE TABLE bs_hypo_eval -- 47
AS -- 48
WITH hd_rand AS ( -- 49
SELECT gs.*, bsd.id -- 50
, strike_price -- random_offset(strike_price, 0.25) AS strike_price -- 51
, truncf(random_offset(asset_price, 0.25)) AS asset_price -- 52
, standard_deviation -- random_offset(standard_deviation, 0.25) AS standard_deviation -- 53
, risk_free_rate -- random_offset(risk_free_rate, 0.25) AS risk_free_rate -- 54
, trunc(random_offset(days_to_expiry, 0.25)) days_to_expiry -- 55
FROM bs_data as bsd, (SELECT generate_series(1, 1000) as h_id) gs -- 56
), -- 57
hd_rand_eval AS ( -- 58
SELECT * -- 59
, truncf(black_scholes_call(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS call_val -- 60
, truncf(black_scholes_put(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS put_val -- 61
FROM hd_rand -- 62
) -- 63
SELECT * -- 64
, truncf((call_val / asset_price - 1) * 100, 3) AS call_profit_pcnt -- 65
, truncf((put_val / asset_price - 1) * 100, 3) AS put_profit_pcnt -- 66
FROM hd_rand_eval; -- 67
-- Select the most profitable random calls:
SELECT * FROM bs_hypo_eval -- 70
WHERE call_val > asset_price -- 71
ORDER BY call_profit_pcnt DESC -- 72
LIMIT 10; -- 73
-- Select the most profitable random puts:
SELECT * FROM bs_hypo_eval -- 76
WHERE put_val > asset_price -- 77
ORDER BY put_profit_pcnt DESC -- 78
LIMIT 10; -- 79 $ src/black_scholes-2.psql
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION black_scholes_swig;
-- Create some sample input data:
CREATE TABLE bs_data (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
strike_price FLOAT8,
asset_price FLOAT8,
standard_deviation FLOAT8,
risk_free_rate FLOAT8,
days_to_expiry FLOAT8
);
INSERT INTO bs_data
( strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry )
VALUES
-- vary expiry:
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 30 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 10 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 5 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 2 ),
-- vary strike:
( 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 );
-- Apply Black-Scholes to data:
CREATE TABLE bs_eval
AS
SELECT *
, truncf(black_scholes_call(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS call_val
, truncf(black_scholes_put(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS put_val
FROM bs_data;
SELECT * FROM bs_eval;
id | strike_price | asset_price | standard_deviation | risk_free_rate | days_to_expiry | call_val | put_val
----+--------------+-------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+----------+---------
1 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 30 | 0.753 | 0
2 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.632 | 0
3 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 10 | 0.589 | 0
4 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 5 | 0.545 | 0
5 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 2 | 0.518 | 0
6 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 1.544 | 0
7 | 1 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 1.088 | 0
8 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.632 | 0
9 | 2 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.177 | 0.001
10 | 2.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 0.279
11 | 3 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 0.735
12 | 3.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 1.19
(12 rows)
-- Any profitable calls?
SELECT * FROM bs_eval
WHERE call_val > asset_price OR put_val > asset_price;
id | strike_price | asset_price | standard_deviation | risk_free_rate | days_to_expiry | call_val | put_val
----+--------------+-------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+----------+---------
(0 rows)
-- Create some random scenarios:
CREATE TABLE bs_hypo_eval
AS
WITH hd_rand AS (
SELECT gs.*, bsd.id
, strike_price -- random_offset(strike_price, 0.25) AS strike_price
, truncf(random_offset(asset_price, 0.25)) AS asset_price
, standard_deviation -- random_offset(standard_deviation, 0.25) AS standard_deviation
, risk_free_rate -- random_offset(risk_free_rate, 0.25) AS risk_free_rate
, trunc(random_offset(days_to_expiry, 0.25)) days_to_expiry
FROM bs_data as bsd, (SELECT generate_series(1, 1000) as h_id) gs
),
hd_rand_eval AS (
SELECT *
, truncf(black_scholes_call(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS call_val
, truncf(black_scholes_put(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS put_val
FROM hd_rand
)
SELECT *
, truncf((call_val / asset_price - 1) * 100, 3) AS call_profit_pcnt
, truncf((put_val / asset_price - 1) * 100, 3) AS put_profit_pcnt
FROM hd_rand_eval;
-- Select the most profitable random calls:
SELECT * FROM bs_hypo_eval
WHERE call_val > asset_price
ORDER BY call_profit_pcnt DESC
LIMIT 10;
h_id | id | strike_price | asset_price | standard_deviation | risk_free_rate | days_to_expiry | call_val | put_val | call_profit_pcnt | put_profit_pcnt
------+----+--------------+-------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+----------+---------+------------------+-----------------
984 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.522 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 31.406 | -100
827 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.506 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 11 | 1.966 | 0 | 30.544 | -100
966 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 14 | 1.952 | 0 | 30.133 | -100
50 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.525 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 18 | 1.98 | 0 | 29.836 | -100
547 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.523 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 13 | 1.971 | 0 | 29.415 | -100
560 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.517 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 1.955 | 0 | 28.872 | -100
259 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.569 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 2.02 | 0 | 28.744 | -100
393 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.567 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 2.017 | 0 | 28.717 | -100
177 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.506 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 17 | 1.936 | 0 | 28.552 | -100
979 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.533 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 17 | 1.963 | 0 | 28.049 | -100
(10 rows)
-- Select the most profitable random puts:
SELECT * FROM bs_hypo_eval
WHERE put_val > asset_price
ORDER BY put_profit_pcnt DESC
LIMIT 10;
h_id | id | strike_price | asset_price | standard_deviation | risk_free_rate | days_to_expiry | call_val | put_val | call_profit_pcnt | put_profit_pcnt
------+----+--------------+-------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+----------+---------+------------------+-----------------
277 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.506 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 13 | 0 | 1.712 | -100 | 13.678
71 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.54 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 14 | 0 | 1.747 | -100 | 13.441
718 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.502 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 14 | 0 | 1.702 | -100 | 13.315
531 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.548 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 17 | 0 | 1.742 | -100 | 12.532
409 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.596 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 13 | 0 | 1.713 | -100 | 7.33
403 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.552 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 14 | 0 | 1.657 | -100 | 6.765
733 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.541 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 13 | 0 | 1.644 | -100 | 6.683
861 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.564 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 17 | 0 | 1.661 | -100 | 6.202
237 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.618 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 13 | 0 | 1.718 | -100 | 6.18
122 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.573 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 12 | 0 | 1.67 | -100 | 6.166
(10 rows)
$ target/native/black_scholes-main
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 30.00 ], call: 0.753, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.632, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 10.00 ], call: 0.590, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 5.00 ], call: 0.546, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 2.00 ], call: 0.518, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 1.544, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 1.088, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.632, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.178, put: 0.001
inputs: [ 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 0.279
inputs: [ 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 0.735
inputs: [ 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 1.191
$ src/black_scholes.py
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 30.00 ], call: 0.753, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.632, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 10.00 ], call: 0.590, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 5.00 ], call: 0.546, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.50, 2.25, 2.00 ], call: 0.518, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 1.544, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 1.088, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.632, put: 0.000
inputs: [ 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.178, put: 0.001
inputs: [ 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 0.279
inputs: [ 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 0.735
inputs: [ 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15.00 ], call: 0.000, put: 1.191
$ src/black_scholes-1.psql
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION black_scholes_swig;
-- Create some sample input data:
CREATE TABLE bs_data (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
strike_price FLOAT8,
asset_price FLOAT8,
standard_deviation FLOAT8,
risk_free_rate FLOAT8,
days_to_expiry FLOAT8
);
INSERT INTO bs_data
( strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry )
VALUES
-- vary expiry:
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 30 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 10 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 5 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 2 ),
-- vary strike:
( 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 );
-- Apply Black-Scholes to data:
CREATE TABLE bs_eval
AS
SELECT *
, truncf(black_scholes_call(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS call_val
, truncf(black_scholes_put(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS put_val
FROM bs_data;
SELECT * FROM bs_eval;
id | strike_price | asset_price | standard_deviation | risk_free_rate | days_to_expiry | call_val | put_val
----+--------------+-------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+----------+---------
1 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 30 | 0.753 | 0
2 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.632 | 0
3 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 10 | 0.589 | 0
4 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 5 | 0.545 | 0
5 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 2 | 0.518 | 0
6 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 1.544 | 0
7 | 1 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 1.088 | 0
8 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.632 | 0
9 | 2 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.177 | 0.001
10 | 2.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 0.279
11 | 3 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 0.735
12 | 3.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 1.19
(12 rows)
$ src/black_scholes-2.psql
-- Load the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION black_scholes_swig;
-- Create some sample input data:
CREATE TABLE bs_data (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
strike_price FLOAT8,
asset_price FLOAT8,
standard_deviation FLOAT8,
risk_free_rate FLOAT8,
days_to_expiry FLOAT8
);
INSERT INTO bs_data
( strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry )
VALUES
-- vary expiry:
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 30 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 10 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 5 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.5, 2.25, 2 ),
-- vary strike:
( 0.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 1.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 2.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 2.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 3.00, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 ),
( 3.50, 2.00, 0.25, 2.25, 15 );
-- Apply Black-Scholes to data:
CREATE TABLE bs_eval
AS
SELECT *
, truncf(black_scholes_call(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS call_val
, truncf(black_scholes_put(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS put_val
FROM bs_data;
SELECT * FROM bs_eval;
id | strike_price | asset_price | standard_deviation | risk_free_rate | days_to_expiry | call_val | put_val
----+--------------+-------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+----------+---------
1 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 30 | 0.753 | 0
2 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.632 | 0
3 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 10 | 0.589 | 0
4 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 5 | 0.545 | 0
5 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2.25 | 2 | 0.518 | 0
6 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 1.544 | 0
7 | 1 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 1.088 | 0
8 | 1.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.632 | 0
9 | 2 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0.177 | 0.001
10 | 2.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 0.279
11 | 3 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 0.735
12 | 3.5 | 2 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 0 | 1.19
(12 rows)
-- Any profitable calls?
SELECT * FROM bs_eval
WHERE call_val > asset_price OR put_val > asset_price;
id | strike_price | asset_price | standard_deviation | risk_free_rate | days_to_expiry | call_val | put_val
----+--------------+-------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+----------+---------
(0 rows)
-- Create some random scenarios:
CREATE TABLE bs_hypo_eval
AS
WITH hd_rand AS (
SELECT gs.*, bsd.id
, strike_price -- random_offset(strike_price, 0.25) AS strike_price
, truncf(random_offset(asset_price, 0.25)) AS asset_price
, standard_deviation -- random_offset(standard_deviation, 0.25) AS standard_deviation
, risk_free_rate -- random_offset(risk_free_rate, 0.25) AS risk_free_rate
, trunc(random_offset(days_to_expiry, 0.25)) days_to_expiry
FROM bs_data as bsd, (SELECT generate_series(1, 1000) as h_id) gs
),
hd_rand_eval AS (
SELECT *
, truncf(black_scholes_call(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS call_val
, truncf(black_scholes_put(strike_price, asset_price, standard_deviation, risk_free_rate, days_to_expiry)) AS put_val
FROM hd_rand
)
SELECT *
, truncf((call_val / asset_price - 1) * 100, 3) AS call_profit_pcnt
, truncf((put_val / asset_price - 1) * 100, 3) AS put_profit_pcnt
FROM hd_rand_eval;
-- Select the most profitable random calls:
SELECT * FROM bs_hypo_eval
WHERE call_val > asset_price
ORDER BY call_profit_pcnt DESC
LIMIT 10;
h_id | id | strike_price | asset_price | standard_deviation | risk_free_rate | days_to_expiry | call_val | put_val | call_profit_pcnt | put_profit_pcnt
------+----+--------------+-------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+----------+---------+------------------+-----------------
984 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.522 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 31.406 | -100
827 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.506 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 11 | 1.966 | 0 | 30.544 | -100
966 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 14 | 1.952 | 0 | 30.133 | -100
50 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.525 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 18 | 1.98 | 0 | 29.836 | -100
547 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.523 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 13 | 1.971 | 0 | 29.415 | -100
560 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.517 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 1.955 | 0 | 28.872 | -100
259 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.569 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 2.02 | 0 | 28.744 | -100
393 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.567 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 15 | 2.017 | 0 | 28.717 | -100
177 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.506 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 17 | 1.936 | 0 | 28.552 | -100
979 | 6 | 0.5 | 1.533 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 17 | 1.963 | 0 | 28.049 | -100
(10 rows)
-- Select the most profitable random puts:
SELECT * FROM bs_hypo_eval
WHERE put_val > asset_price
ORDER BY put_profit_pcnt DESC
LIMIT 10;
h_id | id | strike_price | asset_price | standard_deviation | risk_free_rate | days_to_expiry | call_val | put_val | call_profit_pcnt | put_profit_pcnt
------+----+--------------+-------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+----------+---------+------------------+-----------------
277 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.506 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 13 | 0 | 1.712 | -100 | 13.678
71 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.54 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 14 | 0 | 1.747 | -100 | 13.441
718 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.502 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 14 | 0 | 1.702 | -100 | 13.315
531 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.548 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 17 | 0 | 1.742 | -100 | 12.532
409 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.596 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 13 | 0 | 1.713 | -100 | 7.33
403 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.552 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 14 | 0 | 1.657 | -100 | 6.765
733 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.541 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 13 | 0 | 1.644 | -100 | 6.683
861 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.564 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 17 | 0 | 1.661 | -100 | 6.202
237 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.618 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 13 | 0 | 1.718 | -100 | 6.18
122 | 12 | 3.5 | 1.573 | 0.25 | 2.25 | 12 | 0 | 1.67 | -100 | 6.166
(10 rows)
- Create native library. (once)
- Create SWIG interface files. (once)
- Generate bindings from SWIG interface files. (many)
- Compile bindings.
- Link SWIG bindings and native library into a dynamic library.
- Load dynamic library.
*
+---------------------------------+
| 1. foo.c +--+
+---------------------------------+ |
| double f(int, double, char*) | |
| { return ...; } | |
+---------------------------------+ |
|
+---------------------------------+ |
+--+ 1. foo.h +--+
| +---------------------------------+ |
| | double f(int, double, char*); | |
| +-+-------------------------------+ |
| | |
| | 1. cc foo.c \ <---+
| | -о bld/libfоо.a
| v
| +-------------------+
| | bld/libfоо.a +----------------+
| +-------------------+ |
| |
| +---------------------------------+ |
| | 2. foo.i | |
| +---------------------------------+ |
| | %module foo_swig | |
| | %include "foo.h" | |
| +-+-------------------------------+ |
| | |
+--->| 3. swig -python foo.i \ |
| -o bld/foo_swig.c |
v |
+-------------------+ |
+--+ bld/foo_swig.py | |
| | bld/foo_swig.c | |
| +-+-----------------+ |
| | |
| | 4. cc -c bld/foo_swig.c |
| v |
| +-------------------+ |
| | bld/foo_swig.Đľ | |
| +-+-----------------+ |
| | |
| | 5. cc -dynamiclib \ |
| | -Đľ bld/_foo_swig.so \ |
| | bld/foo_swig.Đľ \ |
| | -l foo <-----------------+
| v
| +-------------------+
| | bld/foo_swig.sĐľ |
| +-+-----------------+
| |
+--->| 6. python script.py
|
v
+------------------------------+
| script.py |
+------------------------------+
| import sys |
| sys.path.append('bld') |
| import foo_swig as foo |
| print(foo.f(2, 3.5, 'str')) |
+------------------------------+
*
# Compile native library:
cc -Isrc -c -o target/native/mathlib.o src/mathlib.c
# Compile and link main program:
cc -Isrc -o target/native/mathlib-main src/mathlib-main.c \
target/native/mathlib.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Compile native library:
cc -Isrc -c -o target/native/mathlib.o src/mathlib.c
# Compile and link main program:
cc -Isrc -o target/native/mathlib-main src/mathlib-main.c \
target/native/mathlib.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate python bindings:
swig -python -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/python/ -o \
target/python/mathlib_swig.c src/mathlib.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/mathlib.h src/mathlib.i
7 src/mathlib.h
5 src/mathlib.i
12 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/python/mathlib_swig.c target/python/mathlib_swig.py
3832 target/python/mathlib_swig.c
65 target/python/mathlib_swig.py
3897 total
# Compile python bindings:
cc -Isrc -dynamic -c -o target/python/mathlib_swig.c.o \
target/python/mathlib_swig.c
# Link python dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/python/_mathlib_swig.so target/native/mathlib.o \
target/python/mathlib_swig.c.o -ldl -framework CoreFoundation
# Generate clojure bindings:
swig -java -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/clojure/ -o \
target/clojure/mathlib_swig.c src/mathlib.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/mathlib.h src/mathlib.i
7 src/mathlib.h
5 src/mathlib.i
12 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/clojure/mathlib_swig.c target/clojure/mathlib*.java
269 target/clojure/mathlib_swig.c
15 target/clojure/mathlib_swig.java
12 target/clojure/mathlib_swigConstants.java
13 target/clojure/mathlib_swigJNI.java
309 total
# Compile clojure bindings:
cc -Isrc -I$JAVA_HOME/include -I$JAVA_HOME/include/$JAVA_ARCH -c -o \
target/clojure/mathlib_swig.c.o target/clojure/mathlib_swig.c
# Link clojure dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/clojure/libmathlib_swig.jnilib \
target/native/mathlib.o target/clojure/mathlib_swig.c.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate ruby bindings:
swig -ruby -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/ruby/ -o \
target/ruby/mathlib_swig.c src/mathlib.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/mathlib.h src/mathlib.i
7 src/mathlib.h
5 src/mathlib.i
12 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/ruby/mathlib_swig.c
2323 target/ruby/mathlib_swig.c
# Compile ruby bindings:
cc -Isrc -I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0 \
-I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0/$RUBY_ARCH -c -o \
target/ruby/mathlib_swig.c.o target/ruby/mathlib_swig.c
# Link ruby dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/ruby/mathlib_swig.bundle target/native/mathlib.o \
target/ruby/mathlib_swig.c.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate tcl bindings:
swig -tcl -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/tcl/ -o \
target/tcl/mathlib_swig.c src/mathlib.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/mathlib.h src/mathlib.i
7 src/mathlib.h
5 src/mathlib.i
12 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/tcl/mathlib_swig.c
2224 target/tcl/mathlib_swig.c
# Compile tcl bindings:
cc -Isrc -I$TCL_HOME/include -c -o target/tcl/mathlib_swig.c.o \
target/tcl/mathlib_swig.c
# Link tcl dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/tcl/mathlib_swig.so target/native/mathlib.o \
target/tcl/mathlib_swig.c.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate guile bindings:
swig -guile -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/guile/ -o \
target/guile/mathlib_swig.c src/mathlib.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/mathlib.h src/mathlib.i
7 src/mathlib.h
5 src/mathlib.i
12 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/guile/mathlib_swig.c
1660 target/guile/mathlib_swig.c
# Compile guile bindings:
cc -Isrc -D_THREAD_SAFE -I$GUILE_HOME/include/guile/3.0 -c -o \
target/guile/mathlib_swig.c.o target/guile/mathlib_swig.c
# Link guile dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/guile/libmathlib_swig.so target/native/mathlib.o \
target/guile/mathlib_swig.c.o -L$GUILE_HOME/lib -lguile-3.0 -lgc -lpthread
# Generate postgresql bindings:
swig -postgresql -extension-version 1.2.3 -addextern -I- -Isrc \
-I$POSTGRESQL_INC_DIR -outdir target/postgresql/ -o \
target/postgresql/mathlib_swig.c src/mathlib.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/mathlib.h src/mathlib.i
7 src/mathlib.h
5 src/mathlib.i
12 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/postgresql/mathlib_swig.c target/postgresql/mathlib_swig-*.sql \
target/postgresql/mathlib_swig.control target/postgresql/mathlib_swig.make
1519 target/postgresql/mathlib_swig.c
20 target/postgresql/mathlib_swig--1.2.3.sql
8 target/postgresql/mathlib_swig.control
13 target/postgresql/mathlib_swig.make
1560 total
# Compile postgresql bindings:
cc -Isrc -I$POSTGRESQL_INC_DIR -c -o target/postgresql/mathlib_swig.c.o \
target/postgresql/mathlib_swig.c
# Link postgresql dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/postgresql/mathlib_swig.so target/native/mathlib.o \
target/postgresql/mathlib_swig.c.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Compile and install postgresql extension:
$POSTGRESQL_LIB_DIR/pgxs/src/makefiles/../../config/install-sh -c -d \
'$POSTGRESQL_SHARE_DIR/extension'
$POSTGRESQL_LIB_DIR/pgxs/src/makefiles/../../config/install-sh -c -d \
'$POSTGRESQL_SHARE_DIR/extension'
$POSTGRESQL_LIB_DIR/pgxs/src/makefiles/../../config/install-sh -c -d \
'$POSTGRESQL_LIB_DIR'
install -c -m 644 ./mathlib_swig.control '$POSTGRESQL_SHARE_DIR/extension/'
install -c -m 644 ./mathlib_swig--1.2.3.sql '$POSTGRESQL_SHARE_DIR/extension/'
install -c -m 755 mathlib_swig.so '$POSTGRESQL_LIB_DIR/'
# Compile native library:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -c -o target/native/polynomial.o src/polynomial.cc
# Compile and link main program:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -o target/native/polynomial-main src/polynomial-main.cc \
target/native/polynomial.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Compile native library:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -c -o target/native/polynomial.o src/polynomial.cc
# Compile and link main program:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -o target/native/polynomial-main src/polynomial-main.cc \
target/native/polynomial.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate python bindings:
swig -c++ -python -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/python/ -o \
target/python/polynomial_swig.cc src/polynomial.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/polynomial.h src/polynomial.i
10 src/polynomial.h
16 src/polynomial.i
26 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/python/polynomial_swig.cc target/python/polynomial_swig.py
8502 target/python/polynomial_swig.cc
241 target/python/polynomial_swig.py
8743 total
# Compile python bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -dynamic -c -o target/python/polynomial_swig.cc.o \
target/python/polynomial_swig.cc
# Link python dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/python/_polynomial_swig.so \
target/native/polynomial.o target/python/polynomial_swig.cc.o -ldl \
-framework CoreFoundation
# Generate clojure bindings:
swig -c++ -java -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/clojure/ -o \
target/clojure/polynomial_swig.cc src/polynomial.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/polynomial.h src/polynomial.i
10 src/polynomial.h
16 src/polynomial.i
26 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/clojure/polynomial_swig.cc target/clojure/polynomial*.java
726 target/clojure/polynomial_swig.cc
11 target/clojure/polynomial_swig.java
12 target/clojure/polynomial_swigConstants.java
32 target/clojure/polynomial_swigJNI.java
781 total
# Compile clojure bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -I$JAVA_HOME/include -I$JAVA_HOME/include/$JAVA_ARCH -c \
-o target/clojure/polynomial_swig.cc.o target/clojure/polynomial_swig.cc
# Link clojure dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/clojure/libpolynomial_swig.jnilib \
target/native/polynomial.o target/clojure/polynomial_swig.cc.o \
-L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate ruby bindings:
swig -c++ -ruby -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/ruby/ -o \
target/ruby/polynomial_swig.cc src/polynomial.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/polynomial.h src/polynomial.i
10 src/polynomial.h
16 src/polynomial.i
26 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/ruby/polynomial_swig.cc
8622 target/ruby/polynomial_swig.cc
# Compile ruby bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0 \
-I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0/$RUBY_ARCH -c -o \
target/ruby/polynomial_swig.cc.o target/ruby/polynomial_swig.cc
# Link ruby dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/ruby/polynomial_swig.bundle \
target/native/polynomial.o target/ruby/polynomial_swig.cc.o \
-L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate tcl bindings:
swig -c++ -tcl -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/tcl/ -o \
target/tcl/polynomial_swig.cc src/polynomial.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/polynomial.h src/polynomial.i
10 src/polynomial.h
16 src/polynomial.i
26 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/tcl/polynomial_swig.cc
3050 target/tcl/polynomial_swig.cc
# Compile tcl bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -I$TCL_HOME/include -c -o \
target/tcl/polynomial_swig.cc.o target/tcl/polynomial_swig.cc
# Link tcl dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/tcl/polynomial_swig.so target/native/polynomial.o \
target/tcl/polynomial_swig.cc.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate guile bindings:
swig -c++ -guile -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/guile/ -o \
target/guile/polynomial_swig.cc src/polynomial.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/polynomial.h src/polynomial.i
10 src/polynomial.h
16 src/polynomial.i
26 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/guile/polynomial_swig.cc
2346 target/guile/polynomial_swig.cc
# Compile guile bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -D_THREAD_SAFE -I$GUILE_HOME/include/guile/3.0 -c -o \
target/guile/polynomial_swig.cc.o target/guile/polynomial_swig.cc
# Link guile dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/guile/libpolynomial_swig.so \
target/native/polynomial.o target/guile/polynomial_swig.cc.o \
-L$GUILE_HOME/lib -lguile-3.0 -lgc -lpthread
# Compile native library:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -c -o target/native/rational.o src/rational.cc
# Compile and link main program:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -o target/native/rational-main src/rational-main.cc \
target/native/rational.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Compile native library:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -c -o target/native/rational.o src/rational.cc
# Compile and link main program:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -o target/native/rational-main src/rational-main.cc \
target/native/rational.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate python bindings:
swig -c++ -python -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/python/ -o \
target/python/rational_swig.cc src/rational.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l include/rational.h src/rational.i
73 include/rational.h
29 src/rational.i
102 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/python/rational_swig.cc target/python/rational_swig.py
4825 target/python/rational_swig.cc
115 target/python/rational_swig.py
4940 total
# Compile python bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -dynamic -c -o target/python/rational_swig.cc.o \
target/python/rational_swig.cc
# Link python dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/python/_rational_swig.so target/native/rational.o \
target/python/rational_swig.cc.o -ldl -framework CoreFoundation
# Generate clojure bindings:
swig -c++ -java -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/clojure/ -o \
target/clojure/rational_swig.cc src/rational.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l include/rational.h src/rational.i
73 include/rational.h
29 src/rational.i
102 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/clojure/rational_swig.cc target/clojure/rational*.java
677 target/clojure/rational_swig.cc
11 target/clojure/rational_swig.java
33 target/clojure/rational_swigJNI.java
721 total
# Compile clojure bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -I$JAVA_HOME/include -I$JAVA_HOME/include/$JAVA_ARCH -c \
-o target/clojure/rational_swig.cc.o target/clojure/rational_swig.cc
# Link clojure dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/clojure/librational_swig.jnilib \
target/native/rational.o target/clojure/rational_swig.cc.o \
-L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate ruby bindings:
swig -c++ -ruby -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/ruby/ -o \
target/ruby/rational_swig.cc src/rational.i
include/rational.h:36: Warning 378: operator!= ignored
# Source code statistics:
wc -l include/rational.h src/rational.i
73 include/rational.h
29 src/rational.i
102 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/ruby/rational_swig.cc
3146 target/ruby/rational_swig.cc
# Compile ruby bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0 \
-I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0/$RUBY_ARCH -c -o \
target/ruby/rational_swig.cc.o target/ruby/rational_swig.cc
# Link ruby dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/ruby/rational_swig.bundle target/native/rational.o \
target/ruby/rational_swig.cc.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate tcl bindings:
swig -c++ -tcl -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/tcl/ -o \
target/tcl/rational_swig.cc src/rational.i
include/rational.h:36: Warning 378: operator!= ignored
# Source code statistics:
wc -l include/rational.h src/rational.i
73 include/rational.h
29 src/rational.i
102 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/tcl/rational_swig.cc
2937 target/tcl/rational_swig.cc
# Compile tcl bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -I$TCL_HOME/include -c -o target/tcl/rational_swig.cc.o \
target/tcl/rational_swig.cc
# Link tcl dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/tcl/rational_swig.so target/native/rational.o \
target/tcl/rational_swig.cc.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate guile bindings:
swig -c++ -guile -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/guile/ -o \
target/guile/rational_swig.cc src/rational.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l include/rational.h src/rational.i
73 include/rational.h
29 src/rational.i
102 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/guile/rational_swig.cc
2434 target/guile/rational_swig.cc
# Compile guile bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -D_THREAD_SAFE -I$GUILE_HOME/include/guile/3.0 -c -o \
target/guile/rational_swig.cc.o target/guile/rational_swig.cc
# Link guile dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/guile/librational_swig.so target/native/rational.o \
target/guile/rational_swig.cc.o -L$GUILE_HOME/lib -lguile-3.0 -lgc -lpthread
# Compile native library:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -c -o target/native/polynomial_v2.o src/polynomial_v2.cc
# Compile and link main program:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -o target/native/polynomial_v2-main \
src/polynomial_v2-main.cc target/native/polynomial_v2.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Compile native library:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -c -o target/native/polynomial_v2.o src/polynomial_v2.cc
# Compile and link main program:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -o target/native/polynomial_v2-main \
src/polynomial_v2-main.cc target/native/polynomial_v2.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate python bindings:
swig -c++ -python -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/python/ -o \
target/python/polynomial_v2_swig.cc src/polynomial_v2.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/polynomial_v2.h src/polynomial_v2.i
13 src/polynomial_v2.h
31 src/polynomial_v2.i
44 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/python/polynomial_v2_swig.cc target/python/polynomial_v2_swig.py
15905 target/python/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
652 target/python/polynomial_v2_swig.py
16557 total
# Compile python bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -dynamic -c -o target/python/polynomial_v2_swig.cc.o \
target/python/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
# Link python dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/python/_polynomial_v2_swig.so \
target/native/polynomial_v2.o target/python/polynomial_v2_swig.cc.o -ldl \
-framework CoreFoundation
# Generate clojure bindings:
swig -c++ -java -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/clojure/ -o \
target/clojure/polynomial_v2_swig.cc src/polynomial_v2.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/polynomial_v2.h src/polynomial_v2.i
13 src/polynomial_v2.h
31 src/polynomial_v2.i
44 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/clojure/polynomial_v2_swig.cc target/clojure/polynomial_v2*.java
1961 target/clojure/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
11 target/clojure/polynomial_v2_swig.java
12 target/clojure/polynomial_v2_swigConstants.java
94 target/clojure/polynomial_v2_swigJNI.java
2078 total
# Compile clojure bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -I$JAVA_HOME/include -I$JAVA_HOME/include/$JAVA_ARCH -c \
-o target/clojure/polynomial_v2_swig.cc.o \
target/clojure/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
# Link clojure dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/clojure/libpolynomial_v2_swig.jnilib \
target/native/polynomial_v2.o target/clojure/polynomial_v2_swig.cc.o \
-L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate ruby bindings:
swig -c++ -ruby -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/ruby/ -o \
target/ruby/polynomial_v2_swig.cc src/polynomial_v2.i
include/rational.h:36: Warning 378: operator!= ignored
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/polynomial_v2.h src/polynomial_v2.i
13 src/polynomial_v2.h
31 src/polynomial_v2.i
44 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/ruby/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
17596 target/ruby/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
# Compile ruby bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0 \
-I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0/$RUBY_ARCH -c -o \
target/ruby/polynomial_v2_swig.cc.o target/ruby/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
# Link ruby dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/ruby/polynomial_v2_swig.bundle \
target/native/polynomial_v2.o target/ruby/polynomial_v2_swig.cc.o \
-L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate tcl bindings:
swig -c++ -tcl -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/tcl/ -o \
target/tcl/polynomial_v2_swig.cc src/polynomial_v2.i
include/rational.h:36: Warning 378: operator!= ignored
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/polynomial_v2.h src/polynomial_v2.i
13 src/polynomial_v2.h
31 src/polynomial_v2.i
44 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/tcl/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
5014 target/tcl/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
# Compile tcl bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -I$TCL_HOME/include -c -o \
target/tcl/polynomial_v2_swig.cc.o target/tcl/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
# Link tcl dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/tcl/polynomial_v2_swig.so \
target/native/polynomial_v2.o target/tcl/polynomial_v2_swig.cc.o \
-L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate guile bindings:
swig -c++ -guile -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/guile/ -o \
target/guile/polynomial_v2_swig.cc src/polynomial_v2.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/polynomial_v2.h src/polynomial_v2.i
13 src/polynomial_v2.h
31 src/polynomial_v2.i
44 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/guile/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
4429 target/guile/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
# Compile guile bindings:
cc++ -std=c++17 -Isrc -D_THREAD_SAFE -I$GUILE_HOME/include/guile/3.0 -c -o \
target/guile/polynomial_v2_swig.cc.o target/guile/polynomial_v2_swig.cc
# Link guile dynamic library:
cc++ -dynamiclib -o target/guile/libpolynomial_v2_swig.so \
target/native/polynomial_v2.o target/guile/polynomial_v2_swig.cc.o \
-L$GUILE_HOME/lib -lguile-3.0 -lgc -lpthread
# Compile native library:
cc -Isrc -c -o target/native/tommath.o src/tommath.c
# Compile and link main program:
cc -Isrc -o target/native/tommath-main src/tommath-main.c \
target/native/tommath.o -ltommath
# Compile native library:
cc -Isrc -c -o target/native/tommath.o src/tommath.c
# Compile and link main program:
cc -Isrc -o target/native/tommath-main src/tommath-main.c \
target/native/tommath.o -ltommath
# Generate python bindings:
swig -python -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/python/ -o \
target/python/tommath_swig.c src/tommath.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/tommath.h src/tommath.i
52 src/tommath.h
10 src/tommath.i
62 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/python/tommath_swig.c target/python/tommath_swig.py
9524 target/python/tommath_swig.c
478 target/python/tommath_swig.py
10002 total
# Compile python bindings:
cc -Isrc -dynamic -c -o target/python/tommath_swig.c.o \
target/python/tommath_swig.c
# Link python dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/python/_tommath_swig.so target/native/tommath.o \
target/python/tommath_swig.c.o -ldl -ltommath
# Generate clojure bindings:
swig -java -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/clojure/ -o \
target/clojure/tommath_swig.c src/tommath.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/tommath.h src/tommath.i
52 src/tommath.h
10 src/tommath.i
62 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/clojure/tommath_swig.c target/clojure/tommath*.java
3164 target/clojure/tommath_swig.c
545 target/clojure/tommath_swig.java
15 target/clojure/tommath_swigConstants.java
178 target/clojure/tommath_swigJNI.java
3902 total
# Compile clojure bindings:
cc -Isrc -I$JAVA_HOME/include -I$JAVA_HOME/include/$JAVA_ARCH -c -o \
target/clojure/tommath_swig.c.o target/clojure/tommath_swig.c
# Link clojure dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/clojure/libtommath_swig.jnilib \
target/native/tommath.o target/clojure/tommath_swig.c.o -ltommath
# Generate ruby bindings:
swig -ruby -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/ruby/ -o \
target/ruby/tommath_swig.c src/tommath.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/tommath.h src/tommath.i
52 src/tommath.h
10 src/tommath.i
62 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/ruby/tommath_swig.c
7937 target/ruby/tommath_swig.c
# Compile ruby bindings:
cc -Isrc -I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0 \
-I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0/$RUBY_ARCH -c -o \
target/ruby/tommath_swig.c.o target/ruby/tommath_swig.c
# Link ruby dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/ruby/tommath_swig.bundle target/native/tommath.o \
target/ruby/tommath_swig.c.o -ltommath
# Generate guile bindings:
swig -guile -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/guile/ -o \
target/guile/tommath_swig.c src/tommath.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/tommath.h src/tommath.i
52 src/tommath.h
10 src/tommath.i
62 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/guile/tommath_swig.c
6452 target/guile/tommath_swig.c
# Compile guile bindings:
cc -Isrc -D_THREAD_SAFE -I$GUILE_HOME/include/guile/3.0 -c -o \
target/guile/tommath_swig.c.o target/guile/tommath_swig.c
# Link guile dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/guile/libtommath_swig.so target/native/tommath.o \
target/guile/tommath_swig.c.o -L$GUILE_HOME/lib -lguile-3.0 -lgc -lpthread \
-ltommath
# Compile native library:
cc -Isrc -c -o target/native/black_scholes.o src/black_scholes.c
# Compile and link main program:
cc -Isrc -o target/native/black_scholes-main src/black_scholes-main.c \
target/native/black_scholes.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Compile native library:
cc -Isrc -c -o target/native/black_scholes.o src/black_scholes.c
# Compile and link main program:
cc -Isrc -o target/native/black_scholes-main src/black_scholes-main.c \
target/native/black_scholes.o -L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate python bindings:
swig -python -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/python/ -o \
target/python/black_scholes_swig.c src/black_scholes.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/black_scholes.h src/black_scholes.i
4 src/black_scholes.h
5 src/black_scholes.i
9 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/python/black_scholes_swig.c target/python/black_scholes_swig.py
3867 target/python/black_scholes_swig.c
70 target/python/black_scholes_swig.py
3937 total
# Compile python bindings:
cc -Isrc -dynamic -c -o target/python/black_scholes_swig.c.o \
target/python/black_scholes_swig.c
# Link python dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/python/_black_scholes_swig.so \
target/native/black_scholes.o target/python/black_scholes_swig.c.o -ldl \
-framework CoreFoundation
# Generate clojure bindings:
swig -java -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/clojure/ -o \
target/clojure/black_scholes_swig.c src/black_scholes.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/black_scholes.h src/black_scholes.i
4 src/black_scholes.h
5 src/black_scholes.i
9 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/clojure/black_scholes_swig.c target/clojure/black_scholes*.java
293 target/clojure/black_scholes_swig.c
23 target/clojure/black_scholes_swig.java
14 target/clojure/black_scholes_swigJNI.java
330 total
# Compile clojure bindings:
cc -Isrc -I$JAVA_HOME/include -I$JAVA_HOME/include/$JAVA_ARCH -c -o \
target/clojure/black_scholes_swig.c.o target/clojure/black_scholes_swig.c
# Link clojure dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/clojure/libblack_scholes_swig.jnilib \
target/native/black_scholes.o target/clojure/black_scholes_swig.c.o \
-L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate ruby bindings:
swig -ruby -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/ruby/ -o \
target/ruby/black_scholes_swig.c src/black_scholes.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/black_scholes.h src/black_scholes.i
4 src/black_scholes.h
5 src/black_scholes.i
9 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/ruby/black_scholes_swig.c
2367 target/ruby/black_scholes_swig.c
# Compile ruby bindings:
cc -Isrc -I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0 \
-I$RUBY_HOME/include/ruby-3.1.0/$RUBY_ARCH -c -o \
target/ruby/black_scholes_swig.c.o target/ruby/black_scholes_swig.c
# Link ruby dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/ruby/black_scholes_swig.bundle \
target/native/black_scholes.o target/ruby/black_scholes_swig.c.o \
-L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate tcl bindings:
swig -tcl -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/tcl/ -o \
target/tcl/black_scholes_swig.c src/black_scholes.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/black_scholes.h src/black_scholes.i
4 src/black_scholes.h
5 src/black_scholes.i
9 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/tcl/black_scholes_swig.c
2275 target/tcl/black_scholes_swig.c
# Compile tcl bindings:
cc -Isrc -I$TCL_HOME/include -c -o target/tcl/black_scholes_swig.c.o \
target/tcl/black_scholes_swig.c
# Link tcl dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/tcl/black_scholes_swig.so \
target/native/black_scholes.o target/tcl/black_scholes_swig.c.o \
-L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Generate guile bindings:
swig -guile -addextern -I- -Isrc -outdir target/guile/ -o \
target/guile/black_scholes_swig.c src/black_scholes.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/black_scholes.h src/black_scholes.i
4 src/black_scholes.h
5 src/black_scholes.i
9 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/guile/black_scholes_swig.c
1705 target/guile/black_scholes_swig.c
# Compile guile bindings:
cc -Isrc -D_THREAD_SAFE -I$GUILE_HOME/include/guile/3.0 -c -o \
target/guile/black_scholes_swig.c.o target/guile/black_scholes_swig.c
# Link guile dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/guile/libblack_scholes_swig.so \
target/native/black_scholes.o target/guile/black_scholes_swig.c.o \
-L$GUILE_HOME/lib -lguile-3.0 -lgc -lpthread
# Generate postgresql bindings:
swig -postgresql -extension-version 1.2.3 -addextern -I- -Isrc \
-I$POSTGRESQL_INC_DIR -outdir target/postgresql/ -o \
target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig.c src/black_scholes.i
# Source code statistics:
wc -l src/black_scholes.h src/black_scholes.i
4 src/black_scholes.h
5 src/black_scholes.i
9 total
# Generated code statistics:
wc -l target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig.c \
target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig-*.sql \
target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig.control \
target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig.make
1582 target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig.c
33 target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig--1.2.3.sql
8 target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig.control
13 target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig.make
1636 total
# Compile postgresql bindings:
cc -Isrc -I$POSTGRESQL_INC_DIR -c -o target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig.c.o \
target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig.c
# Link postgresql dynamic library:
cc -dynamiclib -o target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig.so \
target/native/black_scholes.o target/postgresql/black_scholes_swig.c.o \
-L/opt/homebrew/lib
# Compile and install postgresql extension:
$POSTGRESQL_LIB_DIR/pgxs/src/makefiles/../../config/install-sh -c -d \
'$POSTGRESQL_SHARE_DIR/extension'
$POSTGRESQL_LIB_DIR/pgxs/src/makefiles/../../config/install-sh -c -d \
'$POSTGRESQL_SHARE_DIR/extension'
$POSTGRESQL_LIB_DIR/pgxs/src/makefiles/../../config/install-sh -c -d \
'$POSTGRESQL_LIB_DIR'
install -c -m 644 ./black_scholes_swig.control \
'$POSTGRESQL_SHARE_DIR/extension/'
install -c -m 644 ./black_scholes_swig--1.2.3.sql \
'$POSTGRESQL_SHARE_DIR/extension/'
install -c -m 755 black_scholes_swig.so '$POSTGRESQL_LIB_DIR/'
- Install rbenv + ruby-build
- rbenv install 2.7.6 (or later)
- Install JVM 11.0 (or later)
- Install Prerequisites below.
- Build local tools (if needed).
SWIG 4.0 or later is required.
bin/build swig will build and install a suitable version into from source ./local/.
- Run
bin/build debian-prereq - Install a Python 3.10 distribution with python3.10 in $PATH.
python3.10 -m pip install pytest
- Install brew
- Run
bin/build brew-prereq
This will build and install the following tools into ./local/ from source:
- swigq
- libtommath
- clojure
bin/build local-toolsGuile 3.0 is required. bin/build guile will build and install into ./local/ from source, however this can take a very long time.
## Build
```Shell
rbenv shell 2.7.6
bin/build clean demoCreate a private database:
$ createdb $USER
$ rm README.md
$ bin/build README.md