feat(asset): add ?inline and ?no-inline queries to control inlining

docs/guide/assets.md

@@ -55,6 +55,17 @@ import workletURL from 'extra-scalloped-border/worklet.js?url'
 CSS.paintWorklet.addModule(workletURL)
 ```
 
+### Explicit Inline Handling
+
+Assets can be explicitly imported with inlining or no inlining using the `?inline` or `?no-inline` suffix respectively.
+
+```js twoslash
+import 'vite/client'
+// ---cut---
+import imgUrl1 from './img.svg?no-inline'
+import imgUrl2 from './img.png?inline'
+```
+
 ### Importing Asset as String
 
 Assets can be imported as strings using the `?raw` suffix.

packages/vite/client.d.ts

@@ -247,6 +247,16 @@ declare module '*?inline' {
   export default src
 }
 
+declare module '*?no-inline' {
+  const src: string
+  export default src
+}
+
+declare module '*?url&inline' {
+  const src: string
+  export default src
+}
+
 declare interface VitePreloadErrorEvent extends Event {
   payload: Error
 }

packages/vite/src/node/plugins/asset.ts

@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@ export const assetUrlRE = /__VITE_ASSET__([\w$]+)__(?:\$_(.*?)__)?/g
 
 const jsSourceMapRE = /\.[cm]?js\.map$/
 
+const noInlineRE = /[?&]no-inline\b/
+const inlineRE = /[?&]inline\b/
+
 const assetCache = new WeakMap<Environment, Map<string, string>>()
 
 /** a set of referenceId for entry CSS assets for each environment */
@@ -251,17 +254,26 @@ export async function fileToUrl(
 ): Promise<string> {
   const { environment } = pluginContext
   if (environment.config.command === 'serve') {
-    return fileToDevUrl(id, environment.getTopLevelConfig())
+    return fileToDevUrl(environment, id)
   } else {
     return fileToBuiltUrl(pluginContext, id)
   }
 }
 
-export function fileToDevUrl(
+export async function fileToDevUrl(
+  environment: Environment,
   id: string,
-  config: ResolvedConfig,
   skipBase = false,
-): string {
+): Promise<string> {
+  const config = environment.getTopLevelConfig()
+
+  // If has inline query, unconditionally inline the asset
+  if (inlineRE.test(id)) {
+    const file = checkPublicFile(id, config) || cleanUrl(id)
+    const content = await fsp.readFile(file)
+    return assetToDataURL(environment, file, content)
+  }
+
   let rtn: string
   if (checkPublicFile(id, config)) {
     // in public dir during dev, keep the url as-is
@@ -335,8 +347,16 @@ async function fileToBuiltUrl(
 ): Promise<string> {
   const environment = pluginContext.environment
   const topLevelConfig = environment.getTopLevelConfig()
-  if (!skipPublicCheck && checkPublicFile(id, topLevelConfig)) {
-    return publicFileToBuiltUrl(id, topLevelConfig)
+  if (!skipPublicCheck) {
+    const publicFile = checkPublicFile(id, topLevelConfig)
+    if (publicFile) {
+      if (inlineRE.test(id)) {
+        // If inline via query, re-assign the id so it can be read by the fs and inlined
+        id = publicFile
+      } else {
+        return publicFileToBuiltUrl(id, topLevelConfig)
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   const cache = assetCache.get(environment)!
@@ -350,19 +370,7 @@ async function fileToBuiltUrl(
 
   let url: string
   if (shouldInline(pluginContext, file, id, content, forceInline)) {
-    if (environment.config.build.lib && isGitLfsPlaceholder(content)) {
-      environment.logger.warn(
-        colors.yellow(`Inlined file ${id} was not downloaded via Git LFS`),
-      )
-    }
-
-    if (file.endsWith('.svg')) {
-      url = svgToDataURL(content)
-    } else {
-      const mimeType = mrmime.lookup(file) ?? 'application/octet-stream'
-      // base64 inlined as a string
-      url = `data:${mimeType};base64,${content.toString('base64')}`
-    }
+    url = assetToDataURL(environment, file, content)
   } else {
     // emit as asset
     const originalFileName = normalizePath(
@@ -414,6 +422,8 @@ const shouldInline = (
 ): boolean => {
   const environment = pluginContext.environment
   const { assetsInlineLimit } = environment.config.build
+  if (noInlineRE.test(id)) return false
+  if (inlineRE.test(id)) return true
   if (environment.config.build.lib) return true
   if (pluginContext.getModuleInfo(id)?.isEntry) return false
   if (forceInline !== undefined) return forceInline
@@ -431,6 +441,26 @@ const shouldInline = (
   return content.length < limit && !isGitLfsPlaceholder(content)
 }
 
+function assetToDataURL(
+  environment: Environment,
+  file: string,
+  content: Buffer,
+) {
+  if (environment.config.build.lib && isGitLfsPlaceholder(content)) {
+    environment.logger.warn(
+      colors.yellow(`Inlined file ${file} was not downloaded via Git LFS`),
+    )
+  }
+
+  if (file.endsWith('.svg')) {
+    return svgToDataURL(content)
+  } else {
+    const mimeType = mrmime.lookup(file) ?? 'application/octet-stream'
+    // base64 inlined as a string
+    return `data:${mimeType};base64,${content.toString('base64')}`
+  }
+}
+
 const nestedQuotesRE = /"[^"']*'[^"]*"|'[^'"]*"[^']*'/
 
 // Inspired by https://github.com/iconify/iconify/blob/main/packages/utils/src/svg/url.ts

packages/vite/src/node/plugins/css.ts

@@ -1042,7 +1042,11 @@ export function cssAnalysisPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
               isCSSRequest(file)
                 ? moduleGraph.createFileOnlyEntry(file)
                 : await moduleGraph.ensureEntryFromUrl(
-                    fileToDevUrl(file, config, /* skipBase */ true),
+                    await fileToDevUrl(
+                      this.environment,
+                      file,
+                      /* skipBase */ true,
+                    ),
                   ),
             )
           }

playground/assets/__tests__/assets.spec.ts

@@ -400,6 +400,32 @@ test('?raw import', async () => {
   expect(await page.textContent('.raw')).toMatch('SVG')
 })
 
+test('?no-inline svg import', async () => {
+  expect(await page.textContent('.no-inline-svg')).toMatch(
+    isBuild
+      ? /\/foo\/bar\/assets\/fragment-[-\w]{8}\.svg\?no-inline/
+      : '/foo/bar/nested/fragment.svg?no-inline',
+  )
+})
+
+test('?inline png import', async () => {
+  expect(await page.textContent('.inline-png')).toMatch(
+    /^data:image\/png;base64,/,
+  )
+})
+
+test('?inline public png import', async () => {
+  expect(await page.textContent('.inline-public-png')).toMatch(
+    /^data:image\/png;base64,/,
+  )
+})
+
+test('?inline public json import', async () => {
+  expect(await page.textContent('.inline-public-json')).toMatch(
+    /^data:application\/json;base64,/,
+  )
+})
+
 test('?url import', async () => {
   const src = readFile('foo.js')
   expect(await page.textContent('.url')).toMatch(
@@ -432,9 +458,7 @@ describe('unicode url', () => {
 describe.runIf(isBuild)('encodeURI', () => {
   test('img src with encodeURI', async () => {
     const img = await page.$('.encodeURI')
-    expect(
-      (await img.getAttribute('src')).startsWith('data:image/png;base64'),
-    ).toBe(true)
+    expect(await img.getAttribute('src')).toMatch(/^data:image\/png;base64,/)
   })
 })
 
@@ -454,14 +478,10 @@ test('new URL("/...", import.meta.url)', async () => {
 
 test('new URL("data:...", import.meta.url)', async () => {
   const img = await page.$('.import-meta-url-data-uri-img')
-  expect(
-    (await img.getAttribute('src')).startsWith('data:image/png;base64'),
-  ).toBe(true)
-  expect(
-    (await page.textContent('.import-meta-url-data-uri')).startsWith(
-      'data:image/png;base64',
-    ),
-  ).toBe(true)
+  expect(await img.getAttribute('src')).toMatch(/^data:image\/png;base64,/)
+  expect(await page.textContent('.import-meta-url-data-uri')).toMatch(
+    /^data:image\/png;base64,/,
+  )
 })
 
 test('new URL(..., import.meta.url) without extension', async () => {

playground/assets/index.html

@@ -237,6 +237,18 @@ <h2>Unknown extension assets import</h2>
 <h2>?raw import</h2>
 <code class="raw"></code>
 
+<h2>?no-inline svg import</h2>
+<code class="no-inline-svg"></code>
+
+<h2>?inline png import</h2>
+<code class="inline-png"></code>
+
+<h2>?inline public png import</h2>
+<code class="inline-public-png"></code>
+
+<h2>?url&inline public json import</h2>
+<code class="inline-public-json"></code>
+
 <h2>?url import</h2>
 <code class="url"></code>
 
@@ -476,6 +488,18 @@ <h3>assets in template</h3>
   import rawSvg from './nested/fragment.svg?raw'
   text('.raw', rawSvg)
 
+  import noInlineSvg from './nested/fragment.svg?no-inline'
+  text('.no-inline-svg', noInlineSvg)
+
+  import inlinePng from './nested/asset.png?inline'
+  text('.inline-png', inlinePng)
+
+  import inlinePublicPng from '/icon.png?inline'
+  text('.inline-public-png', inlinePublicPng)
+
+  import inlinePublicJson from '/foo.json?url&inline'
+  text('.inline-public-json', inlinePublicJson)
+
   import fooUrl from './foo.js?url'
   text('.url', fooUrl)